PdII Immobilized on Ferromagnetic Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Functionalized by Aminated 2-Chloroethylphosphonic Acid with S-Methylisothiourea (FMMWCNTs@CPA@SMTU@PdII NPs) Applied as a Highly Efficient and Recyclable Nanostructured Catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura and Mizoroki–Heck Cross-Coupling Reactions in Solvent-Free Conditions
Maryam Sadat Ghasemzadeh A and Batool Akhlaghinia A BA Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran.
B Corresponding author. Email: akhlaghinia@um.ac.ir
Australian Journal of Chemistry 72(9) 674-692 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH19117
Submitted: 9 March 2019 Accepted: 18 May 2019 Published: 2 July 2019
Abstract
The new ferromagnetic nanostructured FMMWCNTs@CPA@SMTU@PdII NPs (IV) as an eco-friendly heterogeneous nanocatalyst with a particle size of ~20–30 nm reported earlier by our group has been found to be very effective for Suzuki–Miyaura and Mizoroki–Heck cross-coupling reactions at ambient temperature. The procedure has been applied for a wide range of aryl halides, arylboronic acids, and alkenes. The magnetic separation by an external magnetic field, mild reaction conditions, and catalyst reusability up to four times without significant decrease in catalytic activity (reduced catalytic activity from 11 to 18 % in the fifth, sixth, and seventh cycles) made the present method sustainable and economically viable for C–C cross-coupling reactions.
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