Investigation of Selective Microwave Heating Phenomena in the Reactions of 2-Substituted Pyridines*
Péter Bana A and István Greiner B C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary.
B Gedeon Richter Plc., PO Box 27, H-1475 Budapest, Hungary.
C Corresponding author. Email: i.greiner@richter.hu
Australian Journal of Chemistry 70(7) 776-785 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH16643
Submitted: 13 November 2016 Accepted: 9 January 2017 Published: 8 February 2017
Abstract
Debated selective microwave heating effects were investigated in a rearrangement and a benzylation reaction involving 2-substituted pyridines. An accurate, reproducible comparison technique and simultaneous temperature measurement using both external infrared and internal fibre optic sensors were utilized. The experimental details of the benzylation reaction were thoroughly addressed to resolve the inconsistencies that have been discussed previously in the literature. Hidden inhomogeneities in temperature and concentration were revealed within the reaction mixtures during microwave heating, which could be prevented by the modification of the vessel wall using an inert fluoropolymer liner. Instead of the previously proposed microscopic thermal microwave effect, the enhanced reaction rate could be explained by macroscopic-scale localized heating in the boundary layers close to the vessel surface in the microwave-heated experiment.
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