Gleditsia triacanthos (Fabaceae) in Argentina: a review of its invasion
Romina D. Fernandez A C D , Sergio J. Ceballos A D , Agustina Malizia A and Roxana Aragón A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Instituto de Ecología Regional UNT-CONICET, Casilla de Correo 34, (4107) Yerba Buena, Tucumán, Argentina.
B Cátedra de Ecología de Paisaje, Fac. Cs. Nat. e IML-UNT, Miguel Lillo 205, (4000) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
C Corresponding author. Email: romi.d.fernandez@gmail.com
D The first two authors contributed equally to the manuscript and both share the first authorship.
Australian Journal of Botany 65(3) 203-213 https://doi.org/10.1071/BT16147
Submitted: 15 July 2016 Accepted: 23 March 2017 Published: 30 May 2017
Abstract
Gleditsia triacanthos L. is a woody species native to North America that has invaded Uruguay, Spain, Australia, South Africa and several countries of Central and Eastern Europe. In Argentina, it has become one of the most important invasive woody species and has a high potential to continue spreading. In this study, we review different aspects of G. triacanthos invasion in Argentina that include descriptions of invaded ecoregions and environments, intrinsic characteristics of the species, invasion dynamics and impacts. In addition, we discuss mechanisms that potentially explain its success, control strategies and natural barriers to its invasion. We reviewed a total of 91 articles and book chapters, of which 62 were developed in Argentina. Studies reported that the invasion of G. triacanthos in different ecoregions was favoured by intrinsic characteristics of the species, together with the interaction with cattle and disturbances, which cause negative impacts on flora, fauna and ecosystem processes. Disturbances were proposed as the main mechanism to explain this species’ invasion, but other hypotheses such as the release of natural enemies and/or propagule pressure might also be important. Further studies are required, mainly on the impacts on ecosystem processes and on the control, production of organic compounds and mutualistic interactions (with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi).
Additional keywords: dry chaco, espinal, exotic plants, invasiveness, pampean grasslands, subtropical mountain forests.
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