Population structure, seed loads and flowering phenology in three common (Melaleuca styphelioides, M. thymifolia, M. nodosa) and one rare (M. deanei) Melaleuca (Myrtaceae) species of the Sydney region
Alison Hewitt A B , Paul Holford A , Adrian Renshaw A , Anthony Haigh A and E. Charles Morris A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
B Corresponding author. Email: a.hewitt@uws.edu.au
Australian Journal of Botany 62(4) 286-304 https://doi.org/10.1071/BT14082
Submitted: 23 April 2014 Accepted: 14 July 2014 Published: 22 August 2014
Abstract
Melaleuca deanei F.Muell. is listed under state and national protection legislation occurring as small, disjunct populations restricted to the Central Coast botanical district of New South Wales. This paper reports on the population structure, reproductive output and phenology of large and small field populations of M. deanei, compared with three common congeneric species in the area, namely, Melaleuca nodosa (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Sm., Melaleuca thymifolia Sm. and Melaleuca styphelioides Sm. Both M. deanei and M. styphelioides had few seedlings per population at the sites studied. Results indicated that seedling recruitment is rare and would appear to require specific conditions. In addition, M. deanei had a low incidence of flowering within the small populations, significantly fewer fruiting plants per population and significantly lower numbers of viable seeds per square metre, most likely compounding its limited recruitment. Flowering, when it occurred in M. deanei, was from mid to late October through to late November–early December with increased flowering in response to fire and along road edges. Further study is needed to determine reproductive success at the individual-plant level, the breeding system and recruitment requirements of these species.
Additional keywords: density, post-fire recruitment, pyrogenic flowering, roadside flowering, seed viability.
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