Development of an in vitro propagation protocol for ex situ conservation of two critically endangered species of Commersonia (Malvaceae) from Western Australia
Shahab Nikabadi A B , Eric Bunn A B D , Shane Turner A B C , Jason Stevens A B and Kingsley Dixon A BA Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority, Fraser Avenue, West Perth, WA 6005, Australia.
B School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. and Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority, Fraser Avenue, West Perth, WA 6005, Australia.
C Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
D Corresponding author. Email: ebunn@bgpa.wa.gov.au
Australian Journal of Botany 58(7) 565-574 https://doi.org/10.1071/BT10184
Submitted: 20 July 2010 Accepted: 16 August 2010 Published: 27 October 2010
Abstract
Protocols for in vitro propagation of two critically endangered species, Commersonia adenothalia C.F.Wilkins ms and Commersonia sp. Mt Groper (R. Cranfield & D. Kabay 9157), from south-western Western Australia were established utilising both shoot and in vitro leaf explants. Regeneration from leaf explants was highest, with an average of four shoots per leaf explant per a 4-week incubation period on ½-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2.5 µM thidiazuron (TDZ) + 2.5 µM 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) for C. adenothalia and 13 shoots per leaf explant on ½-strength MS medium + 4.5 µM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 2.5 µM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for C. sp. Mt Groper. Shoot proliferation using single shoot explants of C. adenothalia resulted in a maximum average of 3.5 shoots per shoot explant per a 5-week incubation period on ½-strength MS medium + 5 µM kinetin and 0.5 µM BAP, whereas maximum mean shoot multiplication with C. sp. Mt Groper (×30 shoots per shoot explant per a 5-week incubation period) was recorded with ½-strength MS medium + 2.5 µM kinetin and 1 µM BAP. In general, C. sp. Mt Groper was much more reactive to cytokinins than was C. adenothalia, with prolific regeneration of shoots from leaf explants or shoot explants. Both species produced roots readily on ½-strength MS medium without added hormones or with 5 µM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (100% rooting in 3–4 weeks) and rooted plantlets survived the transition to soil (~70% survival).
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