Waterlogging as an environmental filter to tree recruitment in tropical wet grasslands
Jonathan Wesley Ferreira Ribeiro
A B * , Rafael Reis Gonçalo B and Rosana Marta Kolb A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
B Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 19806-900 Assis, SP, Brazil.
Australian Journal of Botany 69(8) 543-553 https://doi.org/10.1071/BT20173
Submitted: 30 December 2020 Accepted: 21 July 2021 Published: 14 October 2021
© 2021 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Wet grasslands from the Brazilian Savanna (Cerrado) are open-canopy vegetation dominated by subshrubs and herbaceous plants. Although they frequently occur between gallery forests and savannas, tree species are rarely observed colonising these grasslands. Here, seed germination and seedling development of Cerrado trees under waterlogging conditions were evaluated in order to elucidate how soil waterlogging constrains tree regeneration in tropical wet grasslands. We used seeds of 11 representative Cerrado tree species that have different requirements for soil moisture (non-flooded v. flooded environments). Short periods (15 days) of waterlogging drastically decreased or inhibited germination and seedling development in four species, whereas long periods (30–45 days) of waterlogging reduced or inhibited germination and seedling development in 6 of the 11 species. As expected, we found fewer waterlogging-resistant seeds associated with those species from non-flooded environments. By contrast, more waterlogging-resistant seeds were associated with species that eventually or typically occur in flooded environments. Our results suggest that soil waterlogging is an important environmental filter constraining tree recruitment in tropical wet grasslands. However, some species can overcome this environmental filter by possessing waterlogging-resistant seeds or avoid it by establishing in less waterlogged locations.
Keywords: Brazilian grassland, Cerrado, flooding, flood tolerance, seasonal waterlogging, seed germination, seedling development, tropical savannas, vegetation mosaics.
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