Liana and bamboo cover threaten shrub populations in Atlantic forest fragments
Magda Silva Carneiro A , Caroline Cambraia Furtado Campos B and Flavio Nunes Ramos B C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas C Postal 6109, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
B Laboratório de Ecologia de Fragmentos Florestais (ECOFRAG), Instituto de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, n700, Alfenas, MG CEP 37130-000, Brazil.
C Corresponding author. Email: fnramos@gmail.com
Australian Journal of Botany 65(4) 375-383 https://doi.org/10.1071/BT16121
Submitted: 11 June 2016 Accepted: 29 May 2017 Published: 12 July 2017
Abstract
Abiotic and biotic changes caused by forest fragmentation have led to the decline of many plant species. We sought to investigate how biotic (liana and bamboo cover) and abiotic (soil moisture, litter depth, and canopy openness) factors affect the total abundance and the numbers of individuals of Psychotria vellosiana Benth. at each stage of its life cycle (seedlings, juvenile I and II, adult reproductive and vegetative) in a fragmented landscape. P. vellosiana was selected because it is a forest species, important for fauna, especially ants and birds in the understory, and is highly abundant in semideciduous Atlantic forest areas. We hypothesised that fragments with less humidity, greater litter depth, greater canopy openness, and more liana and bamboo cover would contain fewer individuals at all five life cycle stages of that species. Ten 0.01 ha plots were set up in semideciduous Atlantic Forest fragments, and all individuals of P. vellosiana were tagged and measured. The study also measured canopy openness, soil moisture, litter depth, and bamboo and liana cover. Our results indicated that there was a negative relationship between liana and bamboo cover at all stages of the life cycle of P. vellosiana. This is one of the few studies that has investigated environmental effects on all stages of the life cycle of a plant population, and demonstrates that liana and bamboo cover can affect all stages of plant growth and development. Despite some restrictions, we can affirm that forest species are threatened by fragmentation processes, and that the main threat to local populations of P. vellosiana is liana and bamboo cover.
Additional keywords: environmental characteristics, forest fragmentation, life cycle stages, plant population structure, Psychotria vellosiana.
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