Ovule and megagametophyte development in selected species of Apeibeae and Grewieae (Malvaceae–Grewioideae) from South America and its systematic implications
Elsa Lattar A B D , Beatriz Gloria Galati C and María Silvia Ferrucci A BA Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (IBONE-UNNE-CONICET), C.C. 209, W3400CBL, Corrientes, Argentina.
B Cátedra de Morfología de Plantas Vasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (FCA-UNNE), W3400CBL, Corrientes, Argentina.
C Cátedra de Botánica General, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires (FAUBA), C1417DSE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
D Corresponding author. Email: elsilattar@gmail.com
Australian Journal of Botany 64(5) 369-376 https://doi.org/10.1071/BT15230
Submitted: 10 October 2015 Accepted: 14 June 2016 Published: 25 July 2016
Abstract
This is the first embryological report of the Grewioideae subfamily, which is meant to contribute to the characterisation of the genera Corchorus, Luehea and Triumfetta. Ovule and female gametophyte development in C. argutus, L. divaricata and T. semitriloba was analysed. The ovules of all species are anatropous, bitegmic and of crassinucellate mixed type. The micropyle of the studied species is formed by the outer integument (exostome). The ovule of L. divaricata differs from those of the other two species because the chalazal tissue expands forming a cap, which gives rise to a wing in the seed. All species present one hypostase. The megaspore mother cell gives rise to a linear megaspore triad in C. argutus and L. divaricata, whereas in T. semitriloba, triads and diads can be observed in the same ovule. The chalazal megaspore develops a seven-celled and eight-nucleate female gametophyte corresponding to the Polygonum type. The synergids of L. divaricata have hooks and a conspicuous filiform apparatus. The antipodal cells in C. argutus are persistent, whereas in the other species, they are small and ephemeral. The embryological characters are compared with those of other taxa within the family and the megagametophyte formation in these species is discussed.
Additional keywords: callose, Corchorus, female gametophyte, hypostase, Luehea, Triumfetta.
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