Nickel accumulation by Alyssum serpyllifolium subsp. lusitanicum (Brassicaceae) from serpentine soils of Bragança and Morais (Portugal) ultramafic massifs: plant–soil relationships and prospects for phytomining
I. Morais A D , J. S. Campos A D , P. J. C. Favas B D E , J. Pratas A D , F. Pita A and M. N. V. Prasad C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Earth Sciences, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal.
B University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
C University of Hyderabad, Department of Plant Sciences, Hyderabad 500046, India.
D IMAR–CMA Marine and Environmental Research Centre/MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
E Corresponding author. Email: pjcf@utad.pt
Australian Journal of Botany 63(2) 17-30 https://doi.org/10.1071/BT14245
Submitted: 19 September 2014 Accepted: 19 March 2015 Published: 5 May 2015
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possibility of using Alyssum serpyllifolium Desf. susbp. lusitanicum T.R.Dudley & P.Silva (Brassicaceae) for phytomining nickel (Ni)-rich bio-ore from serpentine soils. This species is endemic to serpentine soils of the Bragança and Morais massifs and is a Ni hyperaccumulator, containing more than 7000 mg kg–1 (dry weight) of this element. The variability of the Ni concentrations contained in the plant at different locations was verified as was its relationship with the total Ni contained in the soil or with the bioavailable Ni fraction extracted with ammonium acetate. We evaluated the biomass produced under natural conditions, and, on the basis of these values, we estimated the amount of Ni that can be removed per unit area. The results showed that considering only the aerial parts of the plant, the biomass varies between 7.04 and 9.37 t ha–1, containing a range of 0.12–0.70% Ni, allowing a withdrawal of between 12.2 and 44.0 kg Ni ha–1 per crop under natural conditions.
Additional keywords: Alyssum pintodasilvae, hyperaccumulation, Ni-hyperaccumulator species, phytoextraction, phytotechnology, serpentine flora.
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