The effects of dry period body condition score on some trace minerals, oxidative, and inflammatory indicators in transition dairy cows
Fatemeh Dehghan Shahreza A , Hesam A. Seifi B and Mehrdad Mohri B C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
B Department of Clinical Sciences and Centre of Excellence in Ruminant Abortion and Neonatal Mortality, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
C Corresponding author. Email: mohri@um.ac.ir
Animal Production Science 60(3) 363-369 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN18790
Submitted: 22 January 2019 Accepted: 2 September 2019 Published: 11 December 2019
Abstract
Context: Body condition score (BCS) management throughout the dry period to calving is one of the strategies that can ensure optimal overall health and high milk yield after parturition.
Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of BCS during the dry period on serum concentrations of some trace elements, oxidative, and inflammatory indices during the transition period of Holstein cows.
Methods: Fifty multiparous cows were classified based on their dry BCS (scale of 1 to 5) at the beginning of dry period as non-fat (NFC) (BCS <3.75; BCS minimum: 3; BCS maximum: 3.5, BCS means: 3.36; n = 25), and fat (FC) (BCS ≥ 3.75; BCS maximum: 4.25, means: 3.87; n = 25) groups, and received similar diet and kept under same management condition. Sampling was performed at 14 ± 2 days before expected calving date and 10, 20 and 30 days after calving.
Key results: FC had lower zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), and manganese (Mn) concentrations. Furthermore, iron (Fe) concentrations were significantly higher in FC in comparison with NFC –14 days before parturition. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and haptoglobin (Hp) elevated significantly in FC 20 days after calving, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly higher in NFC on day 14 before calving. Its activities increased significantly in FC on day30thof lactation. In addition, the highest serum ferric reducing antioxidants power (FRAP) and copper (Cu) and the lowest serum paraoxonase 1(PON1) and iron (Fe) concentrations were observed on day 20th of lactation.
Conclusion: Serum Zn, Mn, and Cr amounts were significantly affected by BCS. Furthermore, fat cows had more extensively endogenous antioxidant and inflammatory responses.
Implication: Our data highlights the fact that although all cellular metabolic, oxidative and inflammatory processes varied at different times of transition period, fat cows are more susceptible to metabolic and health disorders than non-fat animals.
Additional keywords: BCS, chromium, copper, fat, inflammation, iron, manganese, oxidative stress, selenium, zinc.
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