Production performance of laying hens at peak lay, sulfur compounds in manure, and selected serum profiles: efficacy of Lactobacillus species as probiotics
K. Saksrithai
A C , N. H. Willits B and A. J. King A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
B Department of Statistics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
C Corresponding author. Email: ksaksrithai@ucdavis.edu
Animal Production Science 60(2) 296-304 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN18724
Submitted: 24 November 2018 Accepted: 3 May 2019 Published: 3 December 2019
Abstract
Context: Probiotics have potential to improve health of laying hens, thus improving the overall quality of eggs.
Aims: A study was conducted to evaluate the use of probiotics containing Lactobacillus species to improve egg quality and serum biochemistry, and to lower the concentration of sulfur-containing gas compounds from poultry manure.
Methods: Ninety-six White Leghorn W-36 laying hens (32 weeks old) were randomly assigned to two feeding treatments: Control and Control + Probiotics. A combination of probiotics (Lactobacillus paracasei, L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus totalling 1 × 1012 CFU/kg feed) was provided for 8 weeks. At Weeks 0, 4 and 8, eggs were analysed for weight, shell thickness, albumen height and Haugh unit. Faecal matter was analysed for total sulfur, sulfate-sulfur and 20 reduced sulfur compounds. Blood serum was analysed for amylase, calcium, phosphate, total cholesterol and triglycerides.
Key results: No significant differences were observed between the two treatments for any of the parameters. Five sulfide gases were detected in manure: hydrogen sulfide (H2S), dimethyl sulfide (CH3)2S, methyl mercaptan (CH3SH), carbonyl sulfide (COS) and carbon disulfide (CS2). Ratios of various detectable gases were computed. Trends for ratios H2S : (CH3)2S, H2S : CS2, and H2S : COS from manure for both treatments were >1, whereas the ratios H2S : CH3SH and (CH3)2S : CH3SH were <1.
Conclusion: Overall, probiotics did not enhance production, egg quality or the serum profile.
Implications: Possibly, the concentration of probiotics was too high, limiting bacterial colonisation and beneficial effects.
Additional keywords: volatile sulfur compounds.
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