The role of forage management in addressing challenges facing Australasian dairy farming
Lydia M. Cranston A G * , Keith G. Pembleton B G * , Lucy L. Burkitt A , Andrew Curtis C , Daniel J. Donaghy A , Cameron J. P. Gourley D , Kerry C. Harrington A , James L. Hills E , Luke W. Pembleton F and Richard P. Rawnsley E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
B Centre for Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute for Life Sciences and the Environment and School of Agricultural, Computational and Environmental Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia.
C Irrigation New Zealand, PO Box 69119, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand.
D Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, RMB 2460, Ellinbank, Vic. 3820, Australia.
E Centre for Dairy, Grains and Grazing, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Box 3523, Burnie, Tas. 7320, Australia.
F Agriculture Victoria Research, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Vic. 3083, Australia.
G Corresponding authors. Email: L.Cranston@massey.ac.nz; Keith.Pembleton@usq.edu.au
Animal Production Science 60(1) 26-35 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN18570
Submitted: 7 September 2018 Accepted: 7 April 2019 Published: 12 July 2019
Abstract
Forage management underpins the viability of pastoral dairy systems. This review investigated recent developments in forage research and their potential to enable pastoral dairy systems to meet the challenges that will be faced over the next 10 years. Grazing management, complementary forages, pasture diversity, fertiliser use, chemical restriction, irrigation management and pasture breeding are considered. None of these areas of research are looking to increase production directly through increased inputs, but, rather, they aim to lift maximum potential production, defend against production decline or improve the efficiency of the resource base and inputs. Technology approaches consistently focus on improving efficiency, while genetic improvement or the use of complementary forages and species diversity aim to lift production. These approaches do not require additional labour to implement, but many will require an increase in skill level. Only a few areas will help address animal welfare (e.g. the use of selected complementary forages and novel endophytes) and only complementary forages will help address increased competition from non-dairy alternatives, by positively influencing the properties of milk. Overall, the diversity of activity and potential effects will provide managers of pastoral dairy systems with the best tools to respond to the production and environmental challenges they face over the next 10 years.
Additional keywords: alternative forages, feedbase, fertiliser, intensive grazing, pasture, system efficiencies.
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