Forecasting the risk of crown rot between successive wheat crops
D. BackhouseCentre for Sustainable Farming Systems, School of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources Management, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. Email: dbackhou@une.edu.au
Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46(11) 1499-1506 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA04189
Submitted: 3 September 2004 Accepted: 19 April 2005 Published: 9 October 2006
Abstract
Published data from long-term trials at Moree, New South Wales (1986–1996), and Billa Billa, Queensland (1986–1993), were analysed to determine the factors that influence the incidence of crown rot, caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum, in successive stubble-retained, no-till wheat crops and to examine the feasibility of developing a forecasting system for the disease. Polyetic progress of the epidemics could be described by a form of the logistic growth model with a carrying capacity (K) about 5% higher than the maximum recorded incidence at each site. Infection rate between seasons was positively correlated with yield and in-crop rainfall in the previous season, both of which were indicators of biomass. Infection rate was negatively correlated with rainfall parameters during the summer fallows, which were indicators of conditions favouring residue decomposition. In-crop rainfall, stored soil moisture and temperature parameters were not significantly correlated with infection rates. Multiple regressions based on incidence in the previous season, summer rainfall and either yield or in-crop rainfall in the previous season accounted for 65–81% of the variation in disease incidence at Moree and 86% of the variation in incidence at Billa Billa. Simplified parameters for use in on-farm forecasting systems were explored. The most useful of these was the square root of the product of incidence and either yield or in-crop rainfall, which gave sufficiently accurate predictions at each site to estimate the qualitative risk of crown rot in the following crop. This could be used to decide whether management options such as resistant varieties, rotations or burning were required.
Additional keywords: Fusarium graminearum Group 1, Gibberella coronicola.
Acknowledgments
I thank my colleagues in the Strategic Initiative on Crown Rot, Common Root Rot and Fusarium Head Blight for their suggestions and encouragement. This work forms part of Grains Research and Development Corporation project UNE62.
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