Milk yield at first lactation, parity, and season of calving affect the reproductive performance of water buffalo cows
Héctor Nava-Trujillo A F , Robert Valeris-Chacin B C , Armando Quintero-Moreno D and Juan Escalona-Muñoz E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Producción Animal, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales, Universidad de los Andes, Mérida, Mérida, Venezuela.
B Departamento de Sanidad Animal y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Zulia, Venezuela.
C Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
D Laboratorio de Andrología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Zulia, Venezuela.
E Médico Veterinario en Ejercicio Libre, La Fría, Táchira, Venezuela.
F Corresponding author. Email: hectornava00@gmail.com
Animal Production Science 60(8) 1073-1080 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN18420
Submitted: 12 July 2018 Accepted: 9 September 2019 Published: 10 March 2020
Abstract
Context: Profitability of water buffalo systems depends on a calving interval (CI) <400 days. Several factors affect the achievement of this target. However, milk yield at first lactation has received little attention.
Aims: Determine the effect of milk yield at first lactation, parity, season of calving and farm, on the length of CI and the probability of a CI ≤ 400 days in water buffaloes.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of milk yield at first lactation and reproductive records of 1459 water buffaloes was carried out. Milk yield was categorised as Group 1 (≤1090 kg), Group 2 (1090–1377 kg), Group 3 (1377–1684 kg) and Group 4 (>1684 kg); parity was categorised as parity 1, 2 and ≥ 3; and month of calving was grouped into three seasons: December–March, April–July, and August–November. Data were analysed using linear and logistic mixed models.
Key results: CI increased from 425.3 days (95% CI: 418.8–431.8 days) in group 1 to 463.3 days (95% CI: 456–470.6 days) in group 4 (P < 0.05), while the probability of having a CI ≤ 400 days decreased from 0.5 (95% CI: 0.46–0.54) to 0.26 (95% CI: 0.22–0.29), respectively (P < 0.05). CI decreased from 466 days (95% CI: 460.8–471.3 days) in parity 1 to 410.5 days (95% CI: 405.2–415.8 days) in parity ≥3, whereas the probability of a CI ≤ 400 days increased from 0.26 (95% CI: 0.24–0.29) to 0.51 (95% CI: 0.47–0.54) respectively (P < 0.05). Water buffaloes calving in August–November showed significantly shorter CI and, along with those calving between December–March, showed the highest probability of a CI ≤ 400 days. An interaction between milk yield at first lactation and parity on both outcomes was observed.
Conclusions: Shorter CI and higher probability of a CI <400 days were associated with lower milk yields at first lactation, higher parity and calving between August–November. Higher milk yield at first lactation affected negatively the reproductive performance of water buffaloes, especially at parity 1 and 2.
Implications: These results highlight the importance of adequate nutritional management to allow water buffaloes to cope with the challenge of the postpartum negative energy balance and have a calving interval less than 400 days.
Additional keywords: calving interval, milk yield, parity, season. water buffaloes.
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