The effects of feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol at two doses on milk production, rumen fermentation, plasma metabolites, nutrient digestibility, and methane emissions in lactating Holstein cows
Jennifer Haisan A , Yun Sun A , Leluo Guan A , Karen A. Beauchemin B , Allan Iwaasa C , Stephane Duval D , Maik Kindermann E , Daniel R. Barreda A and Masahito Oba A F
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2P5, Canada.
B Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1J 4B1, Canada.
C Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, S9H 3X2, Canada.
D DSM Nutritional Products, Ltd, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Animale, 1 Bd d’Alsace, Village-Neuf, BP 170, France.
E DSM Nutritional Products, Ltd, PO Box 2676, Building 241, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.
F Corresponding author. Email: moba@ualberta.ca
Animal Production Science 57(2) 282-289 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN15219
Submitted: 30 April 2015 Accepted: 18 September 2015 Published: 18 February 2016
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol (NOP) in the total mixed ration of lactating Holstein cows on rumen fermentation, ruminal microbial population, enteric methane production, milk production, nutrient digestibility, and blood metabolites. Fifteen ruminally cannulated Holstein cows in mid to late lactation were used in a 3 × 3 Latin square design study with 28-day periods. Cows were fed a 60%-forage diet (dry matter basis) with 2500 (HIGH), 1250 (LOW) or 0 (CON) mg/day of NOP. After a 20-day diet adaptation period, dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield were recorded daily. Rumen digesta and rumen fluid were collected on Days 21 and 28 and ruminal pH was determined on Days 23–28. Methane emissions were measured on Days 23–27 using the sulfur hexafluoride tracer gas technique. Faecal and blood samples were taken on Days 25–27. Feeding NOP at either dose did not affect DMI, milk production or bodyweight gain. Total concentration of volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid did not differ; however, there was a decrease in molar proportion of acetate and increase in molar proportion of propionate with feeding NOP in a dose-dependent manner. Microbial profile and ruminal pH were not affected by treatment. Apparent total-tract digestibility of DM (62.7% vs 58.4%; P < 0.05) and neutral detergent fibre (38.0% vs 30.7%; P < 0.05) were increased with the HIGH dose compared with CON. Feeding NOP reduced methane yield from 19.9 to 15.3 g/kg DMI for CON versus LOW (P < 0.05) and from 19.9 to 12.6 for CON versus HIGH (P < 0.05). Feeding NOP at 1250 or 2500 mg/day reduced methane yield and affected ruminal volatile fatty acid profile without compromising DMI or apparent total-tract nutrient digestibility.
Additional keywords: 3-nitrooxypropanol, dairy cows, digestibility, enteric methane emissions, plasma metabolites, rumen fermentation.
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