Preliminary study on the effects of ammonium nicotinate on in vitro ruminal fermentation as determined using rumen simulation technique (Rusitec)
Carla R. Soliva A B and Carmen Kunz A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A ETH Zurich, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
B Corresponding author. Email: solivac6@gmail.com
Animal Production Science 51(3) 233-239 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN10116
Submitted: 9 July 2010 Accepted: 11 January 2011 Published: 7 March 2011
Abstract
The objective of the present in vitro study was to investigate the effects of different dietary supplementation levels of ammonium nicotinate (NA-NH4), a precursor product when manufacturing nicotinic acid (NA), on ruminal fermentation traits. Four experimental runs were carried out incubating ruminal fluid from a donor cow by using rumen simulation technique (Rusitec). A low-protein (109 g/kg feed dry matter) basal diet, consisting of maize silage, hay and concentrate, served as the first control. Supplements were NA at 4.7 mg/day (second control), NA-NH4 at supplementation rates of 2.7, 5.4, 10.7 and 21.4 mg/day, or NH4-sulfate at 2.53 mg/day (the third control). All NA-containing treatments were supplemented with the same amount of sulfate as supplied with the third control treatment. None of the NA-supplements affected any of the fermentation traits significantly compared with the first control treatment, except for a decrease in total short-chain fatty acids at the highest supplementation rate of NA-NH4. No differences were found between the treatments containing the same amount of NA, i.e. the second control and the NA-NH4 treatment at 5.4 mg/day. Comparing the different NA-NH4 supplementation rates revealed that 5.4 mg/day of NA-NH4 resulted in a lower amount of nitrogen (N) recovered in ammonia than the highest NA-NH4 supplementation rate, and increased non-ammonia N. The findings confirmed the suitability of NA-NH4, instead of pure NA, as a feed supplement; however, increasing NA-NH4-supplementation above the typical rate for dairy cattle might negatively affect ruminal fermentation.
Additional keywords: nicotinic acid, nitrogen turnover, ruminal microbes, vitamin.
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