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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 46(5)

Seed alkaloid concentrations are not affected by agronomic and phosphorus-nutrition treatments that reduce Pleiochaeta setosa Hughes disease on narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius)

P. Gremigni A B E , M. W. Sweetingham A B and W. A. Cowling C D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.

B Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia.

C School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.

D Canola Breeders Western Australia Pty Ltd, 15/219 Canning Highway, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia.

E Corresponding author. Email: pgremigni@agric.wa.gov.au

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46(5) 681-687 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA05078
Submitted: 16 March 2005  Accepted: 13 September 2005   Published: 12 May 2006

Abstract

The severity of brown spot caused by the fungus Pleiochaeta setosa (Kirchn.) Hughes in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is reduced by improving phosphorus (P) nutrition and using agronomic treatments that extend crop rotation or increase cereal stubble retention. The aim of this work was to investigate the impact of these treatments on the alkaloid concentrations of the harvested seed of 3 sweet cultivars of L. angustifolius that differed in their susceptibility to this fungal disease: Merrit (susceptible), Tallerack and Myallie (both moderately resistant). Because abiotic and biotic stresses appear to stimulate plant alkaloid biosynthesis, we hypothesised that higher levels of disease pressure may increase alkaloid concentrations in the harvested seed, particularly in the disease-susceptible Merrit.

The main effects of P nutrition, cereal stubble retention, genotype and crop rotation were significant for the severity of brown spot and plant biomass of narrow-leafed lupin in a field trial in Wongan Hills, Western Australia, but were not significant for total alkaloid concentrations or the relative proportions of individual alkaloids of the harvested seed. Seed total alkaloid concentrations were in most cases below the maximum permitted concentration established for lupin seed (200 mg/kg dry matter) and were independent of the severity of brown spot on leaves. The great fluctuations of seed total alkaloid concentrations observed in grower deliveries to bulk handling facilities and in lupin cultivar yield testing trials are unlikely to result from the nutritional and agronomic treatments such as those investigated in this experiment, or the various disease levels that resulted from these treatments.

Additional keywords: brown spot, crop history, phosphorus, stubble mulching.


Acknowledgments

The Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) is acknowledged for funding this project (UWA 168) and the Chemistry Centre (WA) for providing facilities and support for the chemical analyses of plant samples. We are grateful to Dr Jonathan Clements and Dr John Hamblin for their positive comments on this manuscript.


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