Functionality and genomics of selenium and vitamin E supplementation in ruminants
S. S. Chauhan A B , F. Liu A , B. J. Leury A , J. J. Cottrell A , P. Celi A C and F. R. Dunshea A D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia.
B Directorate of Animal Husbandry, Government of Himachal Pradesh, Shimla 171 005, India.
C DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Columbia, MD 21045, USA.
D Corresponding author. Email: fdunshea@unimelb.edu.au
Animal Production Science 56(8) 1285-1298 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN15263
Submitted: 29 May 2015 Accepted: 12 November 2015 Published: 9 March 2016
Abstract
Selenium (Se) and vitamin E are essential micronutrients for animal health and production. The major function of both Se and vitamin E is to prevent the oxidative damage of biological membranes and they can influence growth, reproduction, immune function, health, and product quality in ruminants. Both Se and vitamin E are important for maintaining low cellular and systemic concentrations of reactive oxygen species and lipid hydroperoxides, to ensure optimum cellular function. Discovery of various selenoproteins and vitamin E-responsive genes has contributed significantly to improving our understanding about multiple functions of Se and vitamin E. There is evidence that these functions extend beyond the classical antioxidant properties to immunomodulation and intracellular cell signalling and gene regulation. Research in recent years has also shown that supranutritional supplementation of Se and vitamin E is required to improve the performance of ruminants under certain stressful conditions such as heat stress and during transition period. Considering the growing awareness among consumers of the benefits of antioxidant-rich food, there is a great opportunity for the livestock industries to focus on producing antioxidant-enriched milk and meat products or functional foods. The present review focuses on the recent developments in understanding multiple functions of Se and vitamin E at the cellular and molecular level and the effects of supranutritional supplementation on ruminant performance. In addition, the paper also articulates the potential opportunities to produce functional foods enriched with antioxidants, and underlines the need for optimum supplementation of these micronutrients for efficient ruminant production.
Additional keywords: oxidative stress, selenoproteins.
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