Pedigree-based analysis of genetic variability in the registered Normande cattle breed in Colombia
Derly Rodríguez Sarmiento A , Emanuela Tullo B and Rita Rizzi C D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Asociación Colombiana de Criadores de Ganado Normande, Calle 120 No. 45a-06, Bogotà, Colombia.
B Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
C Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
D Corresponding author. Email: rita.rizzi@unimi.it
Animal Production Science 57(3) 422-429 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN15057
Submitted: 6 February 2015 Accepted: 27 November 2015 Published: 5 April 2016
Abstract
Genetic variability and structure of the population were studied in 7949 registered Normande cattle in Colombia. The pedigree was deep with 18 traced generations, but there were some incomplete genealogical information for the cattle born in the more distant past. The average number of complete and equivalent complete generations was 2.42 and 5.21, respectively. The average pedigree completeness index for five generations was 0.62, which increased over time, and a significant difference between sexes was found (males: 0.82 ± 0.11; females: 0.62 ± 0.38). The average generation interval was 7.57 years. The number of founders, effective founders, ancestors, and founder genomes were 575, 115, 47, and 22.22, respectively, which suggests that an unequal use of founders and a random loss of alleles from founders occurred over time. The level of inbreeding was 0.019 and increased to 0.023, when the inbreeding coefficient was calculated by assigning inbreeding of contemporaries to founders. These levels of inbreeding lead to an effective population size of 138.5 and 117.9 and to a 0.36% and 0.42% rate of inbreeding, respectively. Out of 267 herds with more than five registered breeding animals, only one nucleus herd was present, whereas 117 and 119 were classified as multiplier and commercial herds, respectively. About 92% of calves were sired by French bulls; but the use of Colombian bulls for breeding is increasing. The Colombian Normande breed is at an acceptable level of genetic variability, although some losses of founder alleles have occurred. As the level of inbreeding has been increasing, inbreeding and mating strategies should be monitored in order to maintain the genetic diversity of the breed.
Additional keywords: Colombian Normade cattle, genetic variability, pedigree analysis.
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