Factors that drive koala roadkill: an analysis across multiple scales in New South Wales, Australia
Daniel Lunney
A B C * , Martin Predavec D , Indrie Sonawane A , Chris Moon E and Jonathan R. Rhodes F
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Planning and Environment, Locked Bag 5022, Parramatta, NSW 2124, Australia.
B Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
C Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
D Mount Simpson Track, Bucketty, NSW 2250, Australia.
E 15 Ficus Street, Katoomba, NSW 2780, Australia.
F School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
Australian Mammalogy 44(3) 328-337 https://doi.org/10.1071/AM21040
Submitted: 31 October 2021 Accepted: 20 November 2021 Published: 10 February 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing on behalf of the Australian Mammal Society. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Abstract
A challenge to understanding the impacts of roads on koalas is that their effects operate across multiple scales. To determine what conditions underlie koala roadkill, we looked at koala roadkill at two spatial scales – the entire state of NSW, and a local government area (Coffs Harbour) – for three road types (primary, arterial and local). We also subdivided the state data into three regions – coast, tableland and inland – to look at regional differences. Our analyses show that koala roadkill is ubiquitous across the distribution of koalas. Similar numbers of roadkilled koalas were recorded on each road type, but because of the vastly different total length of roads in the three types (local roads 122 755 km; arterial 79 706 km; primary 12 972 km) it is clear that an individual koala is more likely to be killed on a primary road than the other two road types. The pattern shown at the LGA scale is similar to that seen across the state. Habitat type adjacent to a road appears to have little influence on the likelihood of a koala being killed on the road. Mitigation measures can reduce koala roadkill, but there is a need to correctly assess the relative importance of koala roadkill compared with other factors that impact on koala populations when allocating resources to koala conservation. We conclude that roadkill is an ever-present threat which will remove an ever-increasing proportion of decreasing koala populations in NSW.
Keywords: coffs harbour, highways, koala, mitigation, monitoring, Phascolartos cinereus, road ecology, roadkill, threatened species, vehicle collisions.
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