New Guinean bandicoots: new insights into diet, dentition and digestive tract morphology and a dietary review of all extant non-Australian Peramelemorphia
Todd F. Elliott
A F , Kenny J. Travouillon B , Natalie M. Warburton C D , Melissa A. Danks B E and Karl Vernes A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Ecosystem Management, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
B Collections and Research, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, WA 6106, Australia.
C Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6076, Australia.
D Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, WA 6106, Australia.
E Centre for Ecosystem Management, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia.
F Corresponding author. Email: toddfelliott@gmail.com
Australian Mammalogy 44(2) 266-279 https://doi.org/10.1071/AM21015
Submitted: 21 April 2021 Accepted: 27 August 2021 Published: 14 October 2021
Abstract
Little is known about the diets and ecology of New Guinea’s 14 bandicoot species. In order to better understand the diet and digestive morphology of these marsupials, we reviewed the literature, studied the dental morphology, conducted analysis of gastrointestinal contents, and measured the digestive tracts of: Echymipera clara, E. davidi, E. kalubu, E. rufescens, Isoodon macrourus, Microperoryctes ornata, M. papuensis and Peroryctes raffrayana. These species consume a mix of fungi, insects and plant material that is broadly consistent with the omnivorous diet characteristic of most Australian bandicoots; however, morphological observations reveal variation between species that likely reflect finer-scale differences in diet. Dental morphology suggests a wider variety of diets (insectivore, omnivore, frugivore) than on the Australian mainland (mostly omnivore). Dissections and measurements of the digestive tract of seven New Guinean species indicate variation linked to diet. The relatively short caecum in all New Guinean species, but especially in E. clara and E. kalubu, is particularly suggestive of limited consumption of fibrous plant material; the relative length of the large intestine suggests variable capacity for water reabsorption. Our dietary data also suggest that some of these species also play an important role in the dispersal of hypogeous fungi.
Keywords: bandicoot, bilby, conservation measures, diet, dietary preferences, Echymipera, Isoodon, Marsupialia, Microperoryctes, New Guinean species, Peroryctes, South Pacific.
References
Anderson, T. J., Berry, A. J., Amos, J. N., and Cook, J. M. (1988). Spool-and-line tracking of the New Guinea spiny bandicoot, Echymipera kalubu (Marsupialia, Peramelidae). Journal of Mammalogy 69, 114–120.| Spool-and-line tracking of the New Guinea spiny bandicoot, Echymipera kalubu (Marsupialia, Peramelidae).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Aplin, K. P., and Woolley, P. A. (1993). Notes on the distribution and reproduction of the Papuan bandicoot Microperoryctes papuensis (Peroryctidae, Peramelemorphia). Science in New Guinea 19, 109–112.
Aplin, K. P., Helgen, K. M., and Lunde, D. P. (2010). A review of Peroryctes broadbenti, the giant bandicoot of Papua New Guinea. American Museum Novitates 3696, 1–41.
| A review of Peroryctes broadbenti, the giant bandicoot of Papua New Guinea.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bellwood, P., Waluyo, A., Nitihaminoto, G., and Irwin, G. (1993). Archaeological research in the northern Moluccas; interim results, 1991 field season. Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association 13, 20–33.
| Archaeological research in the northern Moluccas; interim results, 1991 field season.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Blust, R. (1993). Central and central-eastern Malayo-Polynesian. Oceanic Linguistics 32, 241–293.
| Central and central-eastern Malayo-Polynesian.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bradshaw, S. D., Morris, K. D., Dickman, C. R., Withers, P. C., and Murphy, D. (1994). Field metabolism and turnover in the golden bandicoot (Isoodon auratus) and other small mammals from Barrow Island, Western-Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 42, 29–41.
| Field metabolism and turnover in the golden bandicoot (Isoodon auratus) and other small mammals from Barrow Island, Western-Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Brass, L. J. (1959). Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 79. Summary of the fifth Archbold expedition to New Guinea (1956–1957). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 118, 1–69.
Broughton, S. K., and Dickman, C. R. (1991). The effect of supplementary food on home range of the southern brown bandicoot, Isoodon obesulus (Marsupialia: Peramelidae). Australian Journal of Ecology 16, 71–78.
| The effect of supplementary food on home range of the southern brown bandicoot, Isoodon obesulus (Marsupialia: Peramelidae).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Caldwell, I. R., Vernes, K., and Barlocher, F. (2005). The northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus) as a vector for inoculation of red spruce (Picea rubens) seedlings with ectomycorrhizal fungi. Sydowia 57, 166–178.
Chivers, D. J. (1989). Adaptations of digestive systems in non-ruminant herbivores. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 48, 59–67.
| Adaptations of digestive systems in non-ruminant herbivores.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Claridge, A. W., and May, T. W. (1994). Mycophagy among Australian mammals. Australian Journal of Ecology 19, 251–275.
| Mycophagy among Australian mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Claridge, A. W., and Trappe, J. M. (2005). Sporocarp mycophagy: nutritional, behavioral, evolutionary and physiological aspects. In ‘The fungal community–its organization and role in the ecosystem’. (Eds J. Dighton, J. M. White, and P. Oudemans.) pp. 599–611. (Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL.)
Claridge, A. W., McNee, A., Tanton, M. T., and Davey, S. M. (1991). Ecology of bandicoots in undisturbed forest adjacent to recently felled logging coupes: a case study from the Eden Woodchip Agreement Area. In ‘Conservation of Australia’s forest fauna.’. (Ed. D. Lunney.) pp. 331–345. (Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales: Sydney.)
Comport, S. S., and Hume, I. D. (1998). Gut morphology and rate of passage of fungal spores through the gut of a tropical rodent, the giant white-tailed rat (Uromys caudimaculatus). Australian Journal of Zoology 46, 461–471.
| Gut morphology and rate of passage of fungal spores through the gut of a tropical rodent, the giant white-tailed rat (Uromys caudimaculatus).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Cooper, T., and Vernes, K. (2011). Mycophagy in the larger bodied skinks of the genera Tiliqua and Egernia: are there implications for ecosystem health? Australian Zoologist 35, 681–684.
| Mycophagy in the larger bodied skinks of the genera Tiliqua and Egernia: are there implications for ecosystem health?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Cooper, S. J., Ottewell, K., MacDonald, A. J., Adams, M., Byrne, M., Carthew, S. M., Eldridge, M. D. B., Li, Y., Pope, L. C., Saint, K. M., and Westerman, M. (2020). Phylogeography of southern brown and golden bandicoots: implications for the taxonomy and distribution of endangered subspecies and species. Australian Journal of Zoology 66, 379–393.
| Phylogeography of southern brown and golden bandicoots: implications for the taxonomy and distribution of endangered subspecies and species.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Cork, S. J., and Kenagy, G. J. (1989a). Nutritional value of hypogeous fungus for a forest-dwelling ground squirrel. Ecology 70, 577–586.
| Nutritional value of hypogeous fungus for a forest-dwelling ground squirrel.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Cork, S. J., and Kenagy, G. J. (1989b). Rates of gut passage and retention of hypogeous fungal spores in two forest-dwelling rodents. Journal of Mammalogy 70, 512–519.
| Rates of gut passage and retention of hypogeous fungal spores in two forest-dwelling rodents.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Cornelio, D. L. (2010). Status and potential of the Peroryctidae family to improve food security in Papua New Guinea. Journal Manajemen Hutan Tropika 16, 155–160.
Cox, P. A., Elmqvist, T., Pierson, E. D., and Rainey, W. E. (1991). Flying foxes as strong interactors in South Pacific island ecosystems: a conservation hypothesis. Conservation Biology 5, 448–454.
| Flying foxes as strong interactors in South Pacific island ecosystems: a conservation hypothesis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Cox, P. A., Elmqvist, T., Pierson, E. D. and Rainey, W. E. (1992). Flying foxes as pollinators and seed dispersers in Pacific island ecosystems. In ‘Pacific island flying foxes: proceedings of an international conservation conference’. (Eds P. A. Opler, E. D. Rockwell, and J. R. Zuboy.) pp. 18–23. (US Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service.)
Cuthbert, R. J., and Denny, M. J. (2014). Aspects of the ecology of the kalubu bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu) and observations on Raffray’s bandicoot (Peroryctes raffrayanus), Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea. Australian Mammalogy 36, 21–28.
| Aspects of the ecology of the kalubu bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu) and observations on Raffray’s bandicoot (Peroryctes raffrayanus), Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Danks, M. A. (2011). The swamp wallaby Wallabia bicolor: a generalist browser as a key mycophagist. PhD thesis. Ecosystem Management University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Danks, M. A. (2012). Gut-retention time in mycophagous mammals: a review and a study of truffle-like fungal spore retention in the swamp wallaby. Fungal Ecology 5, 200–210.
| Gut-retention time in mycophagous mammals: a review and a study of truffle-like fungal spore retention in the swamp wallaby.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Danks, M. A., Simpson, N., Elliott, T. F., Paine, C. E. T., and Vernes, K. (2020). Modeling mycorrhizal fungi dispersal by the mycophagous swamp wallaby (Wallabia bicolor). Ecology and Evolution 10, 12920–12928.
| Modeling mycorrhizal fungi dispersal by the mycophagous swamp wallaby (Wallabia bicolor).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 33304504PubMed |
De Norman, R. J. B. (1998). Reptiles and birds in the diets of the eastern barred bandicoot Perameles gunnii and the northern brown bandicoot Isoodon macrourus. Victorian Naturalist 115, 18–20.
Dundas, S. J., Hopkins, A. J., Ruthrof, K. X., Tay, N. E., Burgess, T. I., Hardy, G. E. S. J., and Fleming, P. A. (2018). Digging mammals contribute to rhizosphere fungal community composition and seedling growth. Biodiversity and Conservation 27, 3071–3086.
| Digging mammals contribute to rhizosphere fungal community composition and seedling growth.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Dwyer, P. D. (1974). The price of protein: Five hundred hours of hunting in the New Guinea highlands. Oceania 44, 278–293.
| The price of protein: Five hundred hours of hunting in the New Guinea highlands.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Elliott, T. F., and Elliott, K. (2019). Vertebrate consumption and dispersal of the Nothofagaceae associated ascomycete Cyttaria. Austral Ecology 44, 747–751.
| Vertebrate consumption and dispersal of the Nothofagaceae associated ascomycete Cyttaria.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Elliott, T. F., and Vernes, K. (2019). Superb lyrebird Menura novaehollandiae mycophagy, truffles and soil disturbance. Ibis 161, 198–204.
| Superb lyrebird Menura novaehollandiae mycophagy, truffles and soil disturbance.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Elliott, T. F., and Vernes, K. (2021a). Camera trap detection of mycophagy among co‐occurring vertebrates. Austral Ecology 46, 496–500.
| Camera trap detection of mycophagy among co‐occurring vertebrates.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Elliott, T. F., and Vernes, K. (2021b). Notes on the diets of four rodent species from Goodenough Island. Australian Mammalogy 43, 256–259.
| Notes on the diets of four rodent species from Goodenough Island.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Elliott, T. F., Jusino, M. A., Trappe, J. M., Lepp, H., Ballard, G., Bruhl, J. J., and Vernes, K. (2019a). A global review of the ecological significance of symbiotic associations between birds and fungi. Fungal Diversity 98, 161–194.
| A global review of the ecological significance of symbiotic associations between birds and fungi.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Elliott, T. F., Bower, D. S., and Vernes, K. (2019b). Reptilian mycophagy: a global review of mutually beneficial associations between reptiles and macrofungi. Mycosphere 10, 776–797.
| Reptilian mycophagy: a global review of mutually beneficial associations between reptiles and macrofungi.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Elliott, T. F., Townley, S., Johnstone, C., Meek, P., Gynther, I., and Vernes, K. (2020). The endangered Hastings River mouse (Pseudomys oralis) as a disperser of ectomycorrhizal fungi in eastern Australia. Mycologia 112, 1075–1085.
| The endangered Hastings River mouse (Pseudomys oralis) as a disperser of ectomycorrhizal fungi in eastern Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 32678700PubMed |
Flannery, T. F. (1995a). ‘Mammals of New Guinea.’ (Reed Books: Chatswood, NSW Australia.)
Flannery, T. F. (1995b). ‘Mammals of the south-west Pacific and Moluccan Islands.’ (Reed Books: Chatswood, NSW Australia.)
Flannery, T. F., Bellwood, P., White, J. P., Moore, A., and Nitihaminoto, G. (1995). Fossil marsupials (Macropodidae, Perocytidae) and other mammals of Holocene age from Halmahera, north Moluccas, Indonesia. Alcheringa 19, 17–25.
| Fossil marsupials (Macropodidae, Perocytidae) and other mammals of Holocene age from Halmahera, north Moluccas, Indonesia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Fleming, P. A., Anderson, H., Prendergast, A. S., Bretz, M. R., Valentine, L. E., and Hardy, G. E. (2014). Is the loss of Australian digging mammals contributing to a deterioration in ecosystem function? Mammal Review 44, 94–108.
| Is the loss of Australian digging mammals contributing to a deterioration in ecosystem function?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Fujita, M. S., and Tuttle, M. D. (1991). Flying foxes (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae): threatened animals of key ecological and economic importance. Conservation Biology 5, 455–463.
| Flying foxes (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae): threatened animals of key ecological and economic importance.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Garkaklis, M. J., Bradley, J. S., and Wooller, R. D. (1998). The effects of woylie (Bettongia penicillata) foraging on soil water repellency and water infiltration in heavy textured soils in southwestern Australia. Australian Journal of Ecology 23, 492–496.
| The effects of woylie (Bettongia penicillata) foraging on soil water repellency and water infiltration in heavy textured soils in southwestern Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Garkaklis, M., Bradley, J., and Wooller, R. D. (2000). Digging by vertebrates as an activity promoting the development of water-repellent patches in sub-surface soil. Journal of Arid Environments 45, 35–42.
| Digging by vertebrates as an activity promoting the development of water-repellent patches in sub-surface soil.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Garkaklis, M. J., Bradley, J. S., and Wooller, R. D. (2003). The relationship between animal foraging and nutrient patchiness in south-west Australian woodland soils. Soil Research 41, 665–673.
| The relationship between animal foraging and nutrient patchiness in south-west Australian woodland soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Garkaklis, M. J., Bradley, J. S., and Wooller, R. D. (2004). Digging and soil turnover by a mycophagous marsupial. Journal of Arid Environments 56, 569–578.
| Digging and soil turnover by a mycophagous marsupial.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gordon, G. (1974). Movements and activity of the shortnosed bandicoot Isoodon macrourus Gould (Marsupialia). Mammalia 38, 405–432.
| Movements and activity of the shortnosed bandicoot Isoodon macrourus Gould (Marsupialia).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gordon, G., and Lawrie, B. C. (1978). The rufescent bandicoot, Echymipera rufescens (Peters & Doria). Wildlife Research 5, 41–45.
| The rufescent bandicoot, Echymipera rufescens (Peters & Doria).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gordon, G., Hall, L. S., and Atherton, R. G. (1990). Status of bandicoots in Queensland. In: ‘Bandicoots and Bilbies.’ (Eds J. H. Seebeck, P. R. Brown, R. L. Wallis, and C. M Kemper.) pp, 37–42. (Surrey Beatty & Sons)
Gott, M. (1996). Ecology of the northern brown bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus: reproduction and resource use in a heath land population. PhD thesis. University of New South Wales.
Helgen, K. M. (2007). A taxonomic and geographic overview of the mammals of Papua. In ‘The ecology of Papua’. (Eds A. J. Marshall, and B. M. Beehler.) pp. 689–749 (Periplus Editions: Singapore.)
Helgen, K. M., and Flannery, T. F. (2004). A new species of bandicoot, Microperoryctes aplini, from western New Guinea. Journal of Zoology 264, 117–124.
| A new species of bandicoot, Microperoryctes aplini, from western New Guinea.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Hide, R. L., Pernetta, J. C., and Senabe, T. (1984). Exploitation of wild animals. In ‘The research report of the Simbu Land Use Project. Vol. 4. South Simbu: studies in demography, nutrition, and subsistence.’ pp. 291–380. (IASER: Port Moresby.)
Hill, W. O., and Rewell, R. E. (1954). The caecum of monotremes and marsupials. The Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 28, 185–240.
| The caecum of monotremes and marsupials.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Hoffmann, M., Belant, J. L., Chanson, J. S., Cox, N. A., Lamoreux, J., Rodrigues, A. S., Schipper, J., and Stuart, S. N. (2011). The changing fates of the world’s mammals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, 2598–2610.
| The changing fates of the world’s mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Hulbert, A. J., Gordon, G., and Dawson, T. J. (1971). Rediscovery of the marsupial Echymipera rufescens in Australia. Nature 231, 330–331.
| Rediscovery of the marsupial Echymipera rufescens in Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 4930990PubMed |
Hume, I. D., Jazwinski, E., and Flannery, T. F. (1993). Morphology and function of the digestive-tract in New Guinean possums. Australian Journal of Zoology 41, 85–100.
| Morphology and function of the digestive-tract in New Guinean possums.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Hussain, G., and Al-Ruqaie, I. M. (1999). Occurrence, chemical composition, and nutritional value of truffles: an overview. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science 2, 510–514.
| Occurrence, chemical composition, and nutritional value of truffles: an overview.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Jackson, K. L., and Woolley, P. A. (1993). The diet of five species of New Guinean rodents. Science in New Guinea 19, 77–86.
Kalač, P. (2009). Chemical composition and nutritional value of European species of wild growing mushrooms: a review. Food Chemistry 113, 9–16.
| Chemical composition and nutritional value of European species of wild growing mushrooms: a review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Keiper, P., and Johnson, C. N. (2004). Diet and habitat preference of the Cape York short-nosed bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus peninsulae) in north-east Queensland. Wildlife Research 31, 259–265.
| Diet and habitat preference of the Cape York short-nosed bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus peninsulae) in north-east Queensland.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Kotter, M. M., and Farentinos, R. C. (1984). Formation of ponderosa pine ectomycorrhizae after inoculation with feces of tassel-eared squirrels. Mycologia 76, 758–760.
| Formation of ponderosa pine ectomycorrhizae after inoculation with feces of tassel-eared squirrels.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Laurie, E. M. O. (1952). Mammals collected by Mr Shaw Mayer in New Guinea 1932-1949. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 1, 271–318.
| Mammals collected by Mr Shaw Mayer in New Guinea 1932-1949.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Leary, T., Wright, D., Hamilton, S., Singadan, R., Menzies, J., Bonaccorso, F., Helgen, K., Seri, L., Allison, A., Aplin, K., Dickman, C., and Salas, L. (2016). Rhynchomeles prattorum. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T19711A21967091. Available at https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T19711A21967091.en
Lobert, B. (1985). The ecology of the southern brown bandicoot in south-eastern Australian heathland. Masters thesis. Department of Botany and Zoology, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
Maclagan, S. J., Coates, T., O’Malley, A., and Ritchie, E. G. (2021). Dietary variation of an endangered mycophagous mammal in novel and remnant habitats in a peri‐urban landscape. Austral Ecology 46, 72–85.
| Dietary variation of an endangered mycophagous mammal in novel and remnant habitats in a peri‐urban landscape.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
McClelland, K. L., Hume, I. D., and Soran, N. (1999). Responses of the digestive tract of the omnivorous northern brown bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus (Marsupialia: Peramelidae), to plant and insect-containing diets. Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology 169, 411–418.
| Responses of the digestive tract of the omnivorous northern brown bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus (Marsupialia: Peramelidae), to plant and insect-containing diets.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 10549141PubMed |
McIlwee, A. P., and Johnson, C. N. (1998). The contribution of fungus to the diets of three mycophagous marsupials in Eucalyptus forests, revealed by stable isotope analysis. Functional Ecology 12, 223–231.
| The contribution of fungus to the diets of three mycophagous marsupials in Eucalyptus forests, revealed by stable isotope analysis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Menzies, J. I. (1990). Notes on spiny bandicoots, Echymipera spp. (Marsupialia; Peramelidae) from New Guinea and description of a new species. Science in New Guinea 16, 86–98.
Menzies, J. I. (2011). ‘A handbook of New Guinea’s marsupials and monotremes.’ (University of Papua New Guinea Press & Bookshop: NCD Papua New Guinea.)
Nuske, S. J., Vernes, K., May, T. W., Claridge, A. W., Congdon, B. C., Krockenberger, A., and Abell, S. E. (2017). Redundancy among mammalian fungal dispersers and the importance of declining specialists. Fungal Ecology 27, 1–13.
| Redundancy among mammalian fungal dispersers and the importance of declining specialists.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Nuske, S. J., Anslan, S., Tedersoo, L., Congdon, B. C., and Abell, S. E. (2019). Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities are dominated by mammalian dispersed truffle-like taxa in north-east Australian woodlands. Mycorrhiza 29, 181–193.
| Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities are dominated by mammalian dispersed truffle-like taxa in north-east Australian woodlands.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 30895370PubMed |
Opie, A. M. (1980). Habitat selection and the diet of Isoodon obesulus. Australian Mammal Society Bulletin 6, 56.
Piattoni, F., Amicucci, A., Iotti, M., Ori, F., Stocchi, V., and Zambonelli, A. (2014). Viability and morphology of Tuber aestivum spores after passage through the gut of Sus scrofa. Fungal Ecology 9, 52–60.
| Viability and morphology of Tuber aestivum spores after passage through the gut of Sus scrofa.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Pope, L., Storch, D., Adams, M., Moritz, C., and Gordon, G. (2001). A phylogeny for the genus Isoodon and a range extension for I. obesulus peninsulae based on mtDNA control region and morphology. Australian Journal of Zoology 49, 411–434.
| A phylogeny for the genus Isoodon and a range extension for I. obesulus peninsulae based on mtDNA control region and morphology.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Quin, D. G. (1985). Aspects of the feeding ecology of the Bandicoots, Perameles gunnii (Gray 1838) and Isoodon obesulus (Shaw & Nodder 1797) (Marsupialial peramelidae) in southern Tasmania. Honours thesis. Zoology Department, University of Tasmania. Available at https://eprints.utas.edu.au/18150/
Quin, D. G. (1988). Observations on the diet of the southern brown bandicoot, Isoodon obesulus (Marsupialia: Peramelidae), in southern Tasmania. Australian Mammalogy 11, 15–25.
| Observations on the diet of the southern brown bandicoot, Isoodon obesulus (Marsupialia: Peramelidae), in southern Tasmania.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Reddell, P., Spain, A. V., and Hopkins, M. (1997). Dispersal of spores of mycorrhizal fungi in scats of native mammals in tropical forests of northeastern Australia. Biotropica 29, 184–192.
| Dispersal of spores of mycorrhizal fungi in scats of native mammals in tropical forests of northeastern Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Schapper, A. (2011). Phalanger facts: notes on Blust’s marsupial reconstructions. Oceanic Linguistics 50, 258–272.
| Phalanger facts: notes on Blust’s marsupial reconstructions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Shevill, D. I. (1999). The ecology of the rufus spiny bandicoot, Echymipera rufescens australis (Peters & Doria) (Marsupialia: Peramelidae) in lowland rainforest of Iron Range National Park, Cape York Peninsula. Masters thesis. School of Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.
Shevill, D. I., and Johnson, C. N. (2007). Diet and breeding of the rufous spiny bandicoot Echymipera rufescens australis, Iron Range, Cape York Peninsula. Australian Mammalogy 29, 169–175.
| Diet and breeding of the rufous spiny bandicoot Echymipera rufescens australis, Iron Range, Cape York Peninsula.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Small, C. S., and Peterson, D. I. (1982). The reliability of dimensions of formalin‐fixed brains. Neurology 32, 413–413.
| The reliability of dimensions of formalin‐fixed brains.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 7199665PubMed |
Southgate, R., Palmer, C., Adams, M., Masters, P., Triggs, B., and Woinarski, J. (1996). Population and habitat characteristics of the golden bandicoot (Isoodon auratus) on Marchinbar Island, Northern Territory. Wildlife Research 23, 647–664.
| Population and habitat characteristics of the golden bandicoot (Isoodon auratus) on Marchinbar Island, Northern Territory.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Spriggs, M., O’Connor, S., and Veth, P. (2005). The Aru Islands in perspective: A general introduction. In ‘The archaeology of the Aru Islands, eastern Indonesia’. (Eds M. Spriggs, S. O’Connor, and P. Veth.) pp. 1–23. (ANU E-press: Canberra.)
Springer, M. S., Krajewski, C., and Westerman, M. (2001). Molecular relationships of the New Guinean bandicoot genera Microperoryctes and Echymipera (Marsupialia: Peramelina). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 8, 93–105.
| Molecular relationships of the New Guinean bandicoot genera Microperoryctes and Echymipera (Marsupialia: Peramelina).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Stein, G. (1932). Einige neue beuteltiere aus Neuguinea. Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde 7, 254–257.
Stephens, R. B., Trowbridge, A. M., Ouimette, A. P., Knighton, W. B., Hobbie, E. A., Stoy, P. C., and Rowe, R. J. (2020). Signaling from below: rodents select for deeper fruiting truffles with stronger volatile emissions. Ecology 101, e02964.
| Signaling from below: rodents select for deeper fruiting truffles with stronger volatile emissions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 31872867PubMed |
Stickland, N. C. (1975). A detailed analysis of the effects of various fixatives on animal tissue with particular reference to muscle tissue. Stain Technology 50, 255–264.
| A detailed analysis of the effects of various fixatives on animal tissue with particular reference to muscle tissue.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 810925PubMed |
Strahan, R. (1983). ‘Complete book of Australian mammals.’ (Angus & Robertson.)
Tate, G. H. H., and Archbold, R. (1937). Some marsupials of New Guinea and Celebes. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 73, 331–476.
Tedman, R. A. (1990). Some observations on the visceral anatomy of the bandicoot Isoodon macrourus (Marsupialia: Peramelidae). In ‘Bandicoots and bilbies’. (Eds J. H. Seebeck, P. R. Brown, R. L. Wallis, and C. M. Kemper.) pp. 107–116. (Surrey Beatty: Sydney.)
Thomas, O. (1920). XLVII. On mammals from Ceram. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 6, 422–431.
| XLVII. On mammals from Ceram.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Trappe, J. M., and Maser, C. (1976). Germination of spores of Glomus macrocarpus (Endogonaceae) after passage through a rodent digestive tract. Mycologia 68, 433–436.
| Germination of spores of Glomus macrocarpus (Endogonaceae) after passage through a rodent digestive tract.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Travouillon, K. J., and Phillips, M. J. (2018). Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of bandicoots and bilbies (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia): reassessment of two species and description of a new species. Zootaxa 4378, 224–256.
| Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of bandicoots and bilbies (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia): reassessment of two species and description of a new species.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 29690027PubMed |
Valentine, L. E., Anderson, H., Hardy, G. E. S., and Fleming, P. A. (2013). Foraging activity by the southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus) as a mechanism for soil turnover. Australian Journal of Zoology 60, 419–423.
| Foraging activity by the southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus) as a mechanism for soil turnover.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Van Deusen, H. M., and Keith, K. (1966). Range and habitat of the bandicoot, Echymipera clara, in New Guinea. Journal of Mammalogy 47, 721–723.
| Range and habitat of the bandicoot, Echymipera clara, in New Guinea.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Vernes, K. (2007). Are diverse mammal communities important for maintaining plant-fungal associations and ecosystem health? Australasian Plant Conservation 15, 16–18.
Vernes, K. (2014). Seasonal truffle consumption by long-nosed bandicoots (Perameles nasuta) in a mixed rainforest–open forest community in north-eastern New South Wales. Australian Mammalogy 36, 113–115.
| Seasonal truffle consumption by long-nosed bandicoots (Perameles nasuta) in a mixed rainforest–open forest community in north-eastern New South Wales.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Vernes, K., and Trappe, J. (2007). Hypogeous fungi in the diet of the red-legged pademelon Thylogale stigmatica from a rainforest-open forest interface in northeastern Australia. Australian Zoologist 34, 203–208.
| Hypogeous fungi in the diet of the red-legged pademelon Thylogale stigmatica from a rainforest-open forest interface in northeastern Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Vernes, K., and Lebel, T. (2011). Truffle consumption by New Guinea forest wallabies. Fungal Ecology 4, 270–276.
| Truffle consumption by New Guinea forest wallabies.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Vernes, K., Elliott, T. F., and Jackson, S. M. (2021). 150 years of mammal extinction and invasion at Koonchera Dune in the Lake Eyre Basin of South Australia. Biological Invasions 23, 593–610.
| 150 years of mammal extinction and invasion at Koonchera Dune in the Lake Eyre Basin of South Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Vogt, K. A., Edmonds, R. L., and Grier, C. C. (1981). Biomass and nutrient concentrations of sporocarps produced by mycorrhizal and decomposer fungi in Abies amabilis stands. Oecologia 50, 170–175.
| Biomass and nutrient concentrations of sporocarps produced by mycorrhizal and decomposer fungi in Abies amabilis stands.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 28311083PubMed |
Wallis, I. R., Claridge, A. W., and Trappe, J. M. (2012). Nitrogen content, amino acid composition and digestibility of fungi from a nutritional perspective in animal mycophagy. Fungal Biology 116, 590–602.
| Nitrogen content, amino acid composition and digestibility of fungi from a nutritional perspective in animal mycophagy.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 22559919PubMed |
Warburton, N. M., and Travouillon, K. J. (2016). The biology and palaeontology of the Peramelemorphia: a review of current knowledge and future research directions. Australian Journal of Zoology 64, 151–181.
| The biology and palaeontology of the Peramelemorphia: a review of current knowledge and future research directions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Weatherstone, C. (2012). The diversity of hypogeous fungi consumed by tropical Australian and Papua New Guinean Macropodoidae. Masters thesis. James Cook University, Cairns.
Westerman, M., Kear, B. P., Aplin, K., Meredith, R. W., Emerling, C., and Springer, M. S. (2012). Phylogenetic relationships of living and recently extinct bandicoots based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 62, 97–108.
| Phylogenetic relationships of living and recently extinct bandicoots based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 22100729PubMed |
Woinarski, J. C., Braby, M. F., Burbidge, A. A., Coates, D., Garnett, S. T., Fensham, R. J., Legge, S. M., McKenzie, N. L., Silcock, J. L., and Murphy, B. P. (2019). Reading the black book: the number, timing, distribution and causes of listed extinctions in Australia. Biological Conservation 239, 108261.
| Reading the black book: the number, timing, distribution and causes of listed extinctions in Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Young, V., and Hume, I. D. (2005). Nitrogen requirements and urea recycling in an omnivorous marsupial, the northern brown bandicoot Isoodon macrourus. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 78, 456–467.
| Nitrogen requirements and urea recycling in an omnivorous marsupial, the northern brown bandicoot Isoodon macrourus.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 15887092PubMed |
