Post-wildfire contamination of soils and sediments by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in north-central British Columbia, Canada
K. A. Kieta
A * , P. N. Owens B and E. L. Petticrew B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Program, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada.
B Department of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada.
* Correspondence to: kieta@unbc.ca
International Journal of Wildland Fire 32(7) 1071-1088 https://doi.org/10.1071/WF22211
Submitted: 19 October 2022 Accepted: 3 May 2023 Published: 13 June 2023
© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing on behalf of IAWF. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Abstract
Background: The Nechako River Basin (NRB) is a large, regulated basin in north-central British Columbia, Canada that has been impacted by numerous landscape disturbances, including a severe wildfire in 2018.
Aims: The aims of this study were to quantify the post-wildfire temporal and spatial extent of contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of both soils and riverine sediments, and to identify the primary sources of PAHs in the watershed.
Methods: Soil samples were collected at burned and unburned sites in 2018 and at the burned sites in 2020 and 2021. Sediment samples were collected at three tributaries impacted by wildfire and three Nechako River mainstem (i.e. main channel) sites from 2018 to 2021. Samples were analysed for parent PAHs.
Key results: PAH concentrations decreased in soil samples from 2018 to 2021 but are not below the concentrations found in unburned samples. Tributary sediment samples showed higher concentrations immediately post-fire relative to the mainstem Nechako River, but in the years since, that trend has reversed.
Conclusions: PAHs persist in terrestrial and aquatic environments for years following wildfire, but at concentrations below various quality guidelines. PAHs were primarily derived from the wildfires, with some mixed sources at the downstream sites.
Implications: Wildfires are an important source of environmental contamination of terrestrial and aquatic environments.
Keywords: Nechako River Basin, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, post-wildfire contamination, regional scale, soils, soil pollutants, suspended sediment, water pollutants, water quality, watershed.
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