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REVIEW
Contents Vol 2(3)

Managing patients with sexual transmission of drug-resistant HIV

Valerio Tozzi A B , Angela Corpolongo A , Rita Bellagamba A and Pasquale Narciso A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy.

B Corresponding author. Email: tozzi@inmi.it

Sexual Health 2(3) 135-142 https://doi.org/10.1071/SH04048
Submitted: 28 October 2004  Accepted: 2 June 2005   Published: 20 September 2005

Abstract

The transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 (primary HIV resistance) is a cause of growing concern. The prevalence of drug-resistant variants in patients with primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) ranges from 10 to 36%. Unlike patients with secondary resistance, patients with primary HIV resistance do not show a rapid conversion to wild-type drug-sensitive virus in the absence of treatment. Moreover, primary HIV-1 resistance is associated with higher rates of treatment failure. Rapid diagnosis is important, since early events in PHI may have a critical role in disease progression. An early diagnosis is also essential to prevent HIV-1 transmission during the high viremic phase of PHI. This review focuses on prevalence, basic principles, diagnostic markers, and approaches for the treatment of PHI due to sexual transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1. The aim of the paper is to help clinicians to deal with patients presenting a PHI due to drug-resistant variants.

Additional keywords: HIV drug resistance, primary HIV infection, resistance mutations, transmission.


Acknowledgements

We thank Dr Andre B. Stoler for editing the manuscript.


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