Analysis and characterisation of bovine oocyte and embryo biomarkers by matrix-assisted desorption ionisation mass spectrometry imaging
Roseli F. Gonçalves A G , Mônica S. Ferreira B G , Diogo N. de Oliveira B , Rafael Canevarolo C , Marcos A. Achilles D , Daniela L. D’Ercole D , Peter E. Bols E , Jose A. Visintin A , Gary J. Killian F and Rodrigo R. Catharino B H
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo University, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 – Cidade Universitária, 05508-270, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
B Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, Medicine and Experimental Surgery Nucleus, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350 – Barão Geraldo, 13083-877, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
C Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, National Energy and Material Research Center, Post Office box: 6192, 13083-877, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
D Achilles Genetics Ltda, Rua Padre de Toledo Leite, 20 – Centro, 17400-000, Garça, SP, Brazil.
E Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 Gebouw U 0.09, B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.
F Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 324 Henning Building University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
G These authors contributed equally to this work.
H Corresponding author. Email: rrc@fcm.unicamp.br
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 28(3) 293-301 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD14047
Submitted: 7 February 2014 Accepted: 22 May 2014 Published: 11 July 2014
Abstract
In the field of ‘single cell analysis’, many classical strategies like immunofluorescence and electron microscopy are the primary techniques of choice. However, these methodologies are time consuming and do not permit direct identification of specific molecular classes, such as lipids. In the present study, a novel mass spectrometry-based analytical approach was applied to bovine oocytes and embryos. This new metabolomics-based application uses mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), efficient data processing and multivariate data analysis. Metabolic fingerprinting (MF) was applied to the analysis of unfertilised oocytes, 2-, 4- and 8-cell embryos and blastocysts. A semiquantitative strategy for sphingomyelin [SM (16 : 0) + Na]+ (m/z 725) and phosphatidylcholine [PC (32 : 0) + Na]+ (m/z 756) was developed, showing that lipid concentration was useful for selecting the best metabolic biomarkers. This study demonstrates that a combination of MF, MSI features and chemometric analysis can be applied to discriminate cell stages, characterising specific biomarkers and relating them to developmental pathways. This information furthers our understanding of fertilisation and preimplantation events during bovine embryo development.
Additional keywords: fingerprinting, metabolic, phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin.
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