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Drought Management for long-term water sustainability and resilience

Shan-e-hyder Soomro , Muhammad Waseem Boota , Jiali Guo, Yinghai Li, Hui Qin, Monir ahmad meahrayen, Caihong Hu, Jiahui Gu, Jijun Chen

Abstract

Context. The global water crisis is driven by human overconsumption, depleting resources faster than they can regenerate. This threatens ecosystems and exacerbates drought-related water shortages, which may escalate into international conflicts if not properly managed. Aims: This study assesses the effectiveness of drought indices in evaluating and managing droughts to determine their role in developing mitigation plans against water scarcity. It also highlights strategies to reduce drought risks and prevent future droughts through proactive approaches. Methods. Drought indices measure severity and frequency in various regions to identify patterns of water availability in the most drought-prone areas. In addition to the discussed drought indices, traditional and innovative risk management strategies for drought mitigation will be analyzed, particularly focusing on the most vulnerable areas. Conclusion. The study concludes that large-scale engineering projects for drought relief may harm ecosystems and agricultural land, advocating for sustainable, eco-friendly solutions. It emphasizes the need for improved water management and conservation efforts, prioritizing natural water replenishment over artificial interventions. Implications. The findings advocate for sustainable, nature-based water management to reduce ecological damage, enhance long-term resilience, and emphasize global cooperation to prevent conflicts, linking drought management with ecosystem sustainability.

MF24210  Accepted 18 February 2025

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