Functional responses of mangrove fauna to forest degradation
Ada Barbanera
A B * , Lars Markesteijn A C , James Kairo D , Gabriel A. Juma D , Simon Karythis B and Martin W. Skov B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2DG, UK.
B School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5AB, UK.
C Area of Biodiversity and Conservation, Department of Biology and Geography, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, University Rey Juan Carlos, E-28933 Madrid, Spain.
D Department of Oceanography and Hydrography, Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Mombasa, Kenya.
Marine and Freshwater Research 73(6) 762-773 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF21257
Submitted: 3 September 2021 Accepted: 23 January 2022 Published: 17 March 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing.
Abstract
Structural degradation of mangroves through the partial removal of trees is globally pervasive and likely to affect ecological functioning, including habitat provisioning for biodiversity. Biodiversity responses will depend on the severity of degradation, yet few studies have contraste and quantified several degradation states. Addressing this knowledge gap, we sampled faunal diversity across a range of mangrove forests in southern Kenya. Canopy cover was the strongest predictor of faunal responses among forest structural variables. Faunal abundance, species richness and biodiversity all decreased with reduction in canopy cover, and taxonomic and functional composition changed. The trophic diversity of crabs peaked at intermediate canopy cover, with degraded habitats having more generalist species and fewer specialists. Functional redundancy was unaffected by canopy thinning. The decline in functional diversity and richness of brachyuran crabs with canopy cover implies that resource-use efficiency weakens with increasing degradation. Our results are indicative of significant alterations to forest functioning with degradation, because epibenthic fauna are important regulators of mangrove ecosystem processes, including nutrient cycling and carbon.
Keywords: biodiversity, faunal response, forest quality, functional plasticity, functional redundancy, habitat provisioning, species composition, tropical forests.
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