Stock structure of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) around the Korean Peninsula: an otolith microchemical perspective
Kali R. Stone
A C , Craig R. Kastelle A , Irina M. Benson A , Thomas E. Helser A , Jonathan A. Short A and Sukyung Kang B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Resource Ecology and Fisheries Management Division, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA.
B Fisheries Resources Management Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, 216 Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan 46083, South Korea.
C Corresponding author. Email: kali.stone@noaa.gov
Marine and Freshwater Research 72(6) 774-786 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF20223
Submitted: 16 July 2020 Accepted: 24 September 2020 Published: 14 December 2020
Abstract
Sustainable management of fishery resources is predicated on a foundational understanding of the biogeography of fish stocks and the delineation of stocks into appropriate management units. Despite notable fluctuations in the catch of commercially valuable Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) in South Korea, relatively little is known regarding the stock structure and migratory trends of this species in the region. Here, otolith microchemistry was used to evaluate the stock structure and ontogenetic migratory trends of Pacific cod from five spawning grounds around the Korean Peninsula. Statistically significant between-region discrimination was evident and resolved Pacific cod around the Korean Peninsula into two distinct stocks. Specimens were classified to region of capture using quadratic discriminant analysis of age-0 and capture elemental signatures with overall accuracies of 71.12 and 79.1% respectively, lending support to the notion that Pacific cod demonstrate natal philopatry. Analysis of the elemental signatures over the first 2 years of life exhibited clear trends indicative of shifts in habitat use, suggesting that trace elements function well as indicators of ontogenetic migration. Our work provides information that is complementary to other direct and indirect methods of monitoring migratory trends and delineating stocks, which are integral components of effective species and ecosystem management plans.
Keywords: fishery ecology, LA-ICP-MS, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, natal philopatry, otolith chemistry, otolith microchemistry, spawning site fidelity.
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