Life history of the common blacktip shark, Carcharhinus limbatus, from central eastern Australia and comparative demography of a cryptic shark complex
Alastair V. Harry A B G , Paul A. Butcher C , William G. Macbeth D , Jess A. T. Morgan
E , Stephen M. Taylor B and Pascal T. Geraghty F
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
B Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, PO Box 20, North Beach, WA 6920, Australia.
C Department of Primary Industries, New South Wales Fisheries, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia.
D FERM Services, PO Box 337, Sheffield, Tas. 7306, Australia.
E Molecular Fisheries Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
F Roads and Maritime Services, 33 James Craig Road, Rozelle Bay, NSW 2039, Australia.
G Corresponding author. Email: alastair.harry@gmail.com
Marine and Freshwater Research 70(6) 834-848 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF18141
Submitted: 1 April 2018 Accepted: 7 November 2018 Published: 22 January 2019
Abstract
Common and Australian blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus and Carcharhinus tilstoni) occur sympatrically in Australia, where they are reported as a complex because of their morphological similarities. This study provides the first description of the life history of C. limbatus using samples from central eastern Australia, where C. tilstoni is rare. Females (68–267 cm total length (TL); n = 183) and males (65–255 cm TL; n = 292) both matured at 8.3 years and 200 cm TL, which exceeds the maximum length of C. tilstoni. Vertebral ageing revealed that female and male C. limbatus lived to 22 and 24 years respectively, exceeding known longevity in C. tilstoni. The mean (±s.d.) intrinsic rate of population increase calculated using a Euler–Lotka demographic method was 0.11 ± 0.02 year–1 for C. limbatus, compared with 0.17 ± 0.02 and 0.20 ± 0.03 year–1 for two C. tilstoni stocks. Despite their similar appearance, these species differed in both their biological productivity and susceptibility to fishing activities. Monitoring of relative abundance should be a priority given they are likely to have divergent responses to fishing.
Additional keywords : age and growth, Chondrichthyes, fisheries management, reproductive biology.
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