A DNA barcode database of Australia’s freshwater macroinvertebrate fauna
M. E. Carew A , S. J. Nichols B , J. Batovska C , R. St Clair D G , N. P. Murphy E , M. J. Blacket C and M. E. Shackleton F HA School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia.
B Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2601, Australia.
C Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Vic. 3083, Australia.
D Environment Protection Authority, 200 Victoria Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia.
E Department of Ecology, Environment, and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic. 3086, Australia.
F Murray–Darling Freshwater Research Centre, La Trobe University, 133 McKoy Street, Wodonga, Vic. 3690, Australia.
G Present address: Museums Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia.
H Corresponding author. Email: m.shackleton@latrobe.edu.au
Marine and Freshwater Research 68(10) 1788-1802 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF16304
Submitted: 7 September 2016 Accepted: 6 January 2017 Published: 30 March 2017
Abstract
Macroinvertebrates are widely used for monitoring freshwater ecosystems. In most monitoring programs, identifications take substantial time and expense. Methods that improve the speed, accuracy and cost-effectiveness of macroinvertebrate identification would benefit such programs. Increasingly, DNA barcodes are being used to provide accurate species-level identifications and have the potential to change how macroinvertebrates are routinely identified. Herein we discuss the need for DNA barcodes of freshwater macroinvertebrates with particular reference to Australia. We examine the use of DNA barcodes for species identification and compare DNA barcoding efforts of macroinvertebrates from Australia with those globally. We consider the role of high-throughput sequencing of DNA barcodes in freshwater bioassessment and its potential use in biosurveillance. Finally, we outline a strategy for developing a comprehensive national DNA barcode database for Australian freshwater macroinvertebrates and present the initial efforts in creating this database.
Additional keywords: Barcode of Life Data System, BOLD, biological monitoring, biosecurity, DNA sequences, national database.
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