Dormant propagule banks of aquatic invertebrates in ponds invaded by exotic pine species in southern Brazil
Cristina Stenert A D , Bruna Ehlert A , Arthur Cardoso Ávila A , Francisco Diogo Rocha Sousa B , Fernanda Mara Esquinatti A , Darold Paul Batzer C and Leonardo Maltchik A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems, Avenida Unisinos 950, Bairro Cristo Rei, CEP 93022-000, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil.
B Núcleo de Estudos em Biodiversidade Aquática, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Avenida Roraima 1000, Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
C Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 413 Biological Sciences Building, Athens, GA 30602-2603, USA.
D Corresponding author. Email: cstenert@unisinos.br
Marine and Freshwater Research 68(5) 954-963 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF16067
Submitted: 9 October 2015 Accepted: 10 May 2016 Published: 27 July 2016
Abstract
Exotic pine invasion affects native wetland communities in the Southern Hemisphere by changing the hydrological regimen and physicochemical characteristics. Studies evaluating the emergence of aquatic invertebrates from dormant stages are vital to identify the resilience of aquatic communities in ponds invaded by exotic pine species. In the present study, we tested the hypotheses that: (1) pine invasion decreases the richness of drought-resistant aquatic invertebrates in ponds; (2) pine invasion modifies the invertebrate composition in ponds; and (3) these differences in species composition (β diversity) are associated primarily with species turnover. Dry sediment samples were collected from three natural ponds in native grassland and three ponds in a pine invasion matrix in southern Brazil. In all, 7205 invertebrates, primarily represented by cladocerans (18 species), were sampled after rewetting dry sediments. Pine invasion decreased the richness of aquatic invertebrates because the natural ponds had almost 60% more species and a higher number of estimated species than the pine ponds. The composition differed between natural and pine ponds, and this difference in species composition (β diversity) was associated primarily with the replacement of some species by others. The presence of pine appears to alter colonisation and survival rates of aquatic invertebrates that aestivate in dry sediments in southern Brazil wetlands.
Additional keywords: cladoceran, diapause, ephippial eggs, resistance, wetlands.
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