Do vertebral chemical signatures distinguish juvenile blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) nursery regions in the northern Gulf of Mexico?
Justin P. Lewis A B E , William F. Patterson
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A University of South Alabama, Department of Marine Sciences, 307 North University Boulevard, Mobile, AL 366888, USA.
B Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Boulevard, Dauphin Island, AL 36528, USA.
C National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Panama City Laboratory, 3500 Delwood Beach Road, Panama City, FL 32408, USA.
D Electro Scientific Industries, 685 Old Buffalo Trail, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA.
E Corresponding author. Present address: Center for Fisheries Research and Development, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, The University of Southern Mississippi, 703 East Beach Drive, Ocean Springs, MS 39564, USA. Email: jplewis86@gmail.com
Marine and Freshwater Research 67(7) 1014-1022 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF15088
Submitted: 1 March 2015 Accepted: 1 December 2015 Published: 11 February 2016
Journal Compilation © CSIRO Publishing 2016 Open Access CC BY-NC-ND
Abstract
Identifying and protecting shark nurseries is a common management strategy used to help rebuild overfished stocks, yet we know little about connectivity between juvenile and adult populations. By analysing trace metals incorporated into vertebral cartilage, it may be possible to infer natal origin based on nursery-specific chemical signatures. To assess the efficacy of this approach, we collected juvenile blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus; n = 93) from four regions in the Gulf of Mexico in 2012 and 2013 and analysed their vertebral centra with laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. We observed significant regional differences in six element : Ca ratios in both 2012 and 2013. Multi-element chemical signatures were significantly different among regions and between year-classes. Year-class-specific linear discriminant function analysis yielded regional classification accuracies of 81% for 2012 and 85% for 2013, although samples were not obtained from all four regions in 2012. Combining year-classes resulted in an overall classification accuracy of 84%, thus demonstrating the usefulness of this approach. These results are encouraging yet highlight a need for more research to better evaluate the efficacy of vertebral chemistry to study elasmobranch population connectivity.
Additional keywords: laser ablation, natal origin, shark nurseries, vertebral chemistry.
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