Enhancing longevity: the additional benefits of vaccination in older adults
Michael Woodward A *A
Assoc. Prof. Michael Woodward AM MB BS MD FRACP is head of dementia research at Austin Health in Melbourne, Victoria. He is a specialist in geriatric medicine with a major interest in adult vaccination and also Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, wound management and the quality use of medications in older people. The Medical and Cognitive Research Unit that he established conducts trials into new vaccines and other new therapies for conditions such as dementia and influenza. Assoc. Prof. Woodward’s publication record includes over 145 peer-reviewed research and review articles. |
Abstract
Vaccination of older people (over age 60) reduces the impact of some preventable microbial diseases but has additional benefits including reducing cancer, reducing dementia and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. For instance, one study found herpes zoster vaccination reduces incident dementia by up to 28% over the subsequent 7 years. The mechanisms behind these additional benefits are being defined but likely include reduced inflammation and specific targeting of pathogenic proteins. These additional benefits emphasise the importance of a whole-of-life approach to vaccination.
Keywords: cancer reduction, cardiovascular risk reduction, dementia reduction, enhanced longevity, vaccination.
Assoc. Prof. Michael Woodward AM MB BS MD FRACP is head of dementia research at Austin Health in Melbourne, Victoria. He is a specialist in geriatric medicine with a major interest in adult vaccination and also Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, wound management and the quality use of medications in older people. The Medical and Cognitive Research Unit that he established conducts trials into new vaccines and other new therapies for conditions such as dementia and influenza. Assoc. Prof. Woodward’s publication record includes over 145 peer-reviewed research and review articles. |
References
1 Cardillo F et al. (2021) Bacillus Calmette–Guérin immunotherapy for cancer. Vaccines 9, 439.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
2 Gofrit ON et al. (2019) Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) therapy lowers the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease in bladder cancer patients. PLoS ONE 14, e0224433.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
3 Clar C et al. (2015) Influenza vaccines for preventing cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 5, CD005050.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
4 Tsivgoulis G et al. (2018) The association of adult vaccination with the risk of cerebrovascular ischemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol Sci 386, 12-18.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
5 Yang Q et al. (2021) Herpes zoster vaccine live and risk of stroke among Medicare beneficiaries: a population-based cohort study. Stroke 52, 1712-1721.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
6 Schneir C et al. (2022) Reduced dementia incidence after varicella zoster vaccination in Wales 2013–2020. Alzheimers Dement 8, e12293.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
7 Eyting M et al. (2023) Causal evidence that herpes zoster vaccination prevents a proportion of dementia cases. medRxiv
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
8 Lophatananon A et al. (2023) The association of herpes zoster and influenza vaccinations with the risk of developing dementia: a population-based cohort study within the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. BMC Public Health 23, 1903.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
9 Taquet M et al. (2024) The recombinant shingles vaccine is associated with lower risk of dementia. Nat Med
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
10 Wu X et al. (2022) Adult vaccination as a protective factor for dementia: a meta-analysis and systematic review of population- based observational studies. Front Immunol 13, 872542.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
11 Enokida T et al. (2021) Vaccines for immunoprevention of cancer. J Clin Invest 131, e146956.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
12 Hung IF et al. (2010) Prevention of acute myocardial infarction and stroke among elderly persons by dual pneumococcal and influenza vaccination: a prospective cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 51, 1007-1016.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
13 Gilden D et al. (2013) The variegate neurological manifestations of varicella zoster virus infection. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 13, 374.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
14 Gowrishankar K et al. (2010) Characterization of the host immune response in human ganglia after herpes zoster. J Virol 84, 8861-70.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
15 Greenblatt CL, Lathe R (2024) Vaccines and dementia: part II. Efficacy of BCG and other vaccines against dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 98, 361-372.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
16 Sochocka M et al. (2017) The infectious etiology of Alzheimer’s disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 15, 996-1009.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
17 Protto V et al. (2022) Role of HSV-1 in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis: a challenge for novel preventive/therapeutic strategies. Curr Opin Pharmacol 63, 102200.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
18 Sloutskin A et al. (2014) Varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus 1 can infect and replicate in the same neurons whether co-or superinfected. J Virol 88, 5079-5086.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
19 Feller L et al. (2017) Postherpetic neuralgia and trigeminal neuralgia. Pain Res Treat 2017, 1681765.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
20 Wang WY et al. (2015) Role of pro-inflammatory cytokines released from microglia in Alzheimer’s disease. Ann Transl Med 3, 136.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
21 Livingston G et al. (2024) Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission. Lancet 404, 572-628.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
22 Scott IA (2024) Monoclonal antibodies for treating early Alzheimer disease – a commentary on recent ‘positive’ trials. Age Ageing 53, afae023.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |
23 Schwab P et al. Recombinant zoster vaccine and reduced risk of dementia: a matched-cohort study using large-scale electronic health records and machine learning methodology. In Alzheimer’s Association International Conference 2024, 28 July–1 August 2024, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Abstract 88064. Alzheimer’s Association. https://alz.confex.com/alz/2024/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/88064