An update of H5N1 viruses: Are they still a threat to Australia?

Abstract

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses are now endemic in poultry over much of Asia and in areas of Africa. The continued presence of the virus has led to repeated outbreaks in poultry, with associated economic losses, and also to increased cases of human infection. In this article we summarise the continuing evolution and activity of these H5N1 viruses.