Multigene molecular phylogenetic analysis on almost all the species in Enoplometopidae has successfully reconstructed a robust evolutionary tree for these attractive reef lobsters. The family should be subdivided into two genera. Reef lobsters originated in the Tethy Sea during the Cretaceous, and speciation mainly occurred in the Central Indo-Pacific, with active re-occupation occurring in shallow-water habitats and invasion of temperate regions.

Donacidae has colonised brackish and fresh waters. Here we present a molecular phylogeny of Donacidae and use the fossil record to propose an evolutionary hypothesis for the family. Our analyses support the monophyly of Donacidae but render Donax paraphyletic. The subgenus Latona is used to accommodate a clade of Indo-Pacific species. The diversification of Donacidae seems to be tightly connected to the opening of the North and South Atlantic Oceans in the Cretaceous, and to the closing of the Tethys Ocean during the Oligocene.

Annelids have been proving to represent a substantial proportion of cryptic biodiversity, as is being shown to be more widespread and frequent than formerly considered. Platynereis dumerilii is commonly used as a model species but the possibility of multiple unreported cryptic lineages may compromise the accuracy and interpretation of scientific data. Integrative taxonomy exposed overlooked morphological traits, with ten different European Platynereis lineages uncovered.