Verification of the cryptic species Penaeus pulchricaudatus in the commercially important kuruma shrimp P. japonicus (Decapoda : Penaeidae) using molecular taxonomy
K. H. Tsoi A , K. Y. Ma B , T. H. Wu C , S. T. Fennessy D , K. H. Chu C and T. Y. Chan E F
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Tai Po, Hong Kong.
B Molecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
C Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
D Oceanographic Research Institute, PO Box 10712, Marine Parade, Durban 4056, South Africa.
E Institute of Marine Biology and Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.
F Corresponding author. Email: tychan@mail.ntou.edu.tw
Invertebrate Systematics 28(5) 476-490 https://doi.org/10.1071/IS14001
Submitted: 3 January 2014 Accepted: 5 June 2014 Published: 13 November 2014
Journal Compilation © CSIRO Publishing 2014 Open Access CC BY-NC-ND
Abstract
The kuruma shrimp Penaeus japonicus Bate, 1888 (Decapoda : Penaeidae) is economically important in the global shrimp market. It was regarded as the only species in the subgenus Marsupenaeus. However, our previous molecular analyses revealed two cryptic species (Forms I and II) in this species complex. In this study, we confirm the phylogenetic relatedness between the two cryptic species; revise their taxonomic status; and review their range distribution. The name Penaeus pulchricaudatus Stebbing, 1914 (with type-locality off the eastern coast of South Africa), previously considered as a junior synonym of P. japonicus, is fixed for Form II through a neotype selection. P. japonicus (Form I) is only confined to the East China Sea (including Japan, its type-locality) and the northern South China Sea. P. pulchricaudatus is widely distributed in the South China Sea, Australia, the Red Sea, the Mediterranean, and the western Indian Ocean. Phylogenetic analysis shows that P. japonicus is genetically homogeneous yet P. pulchricaudatus exhibits a strong phylogeographical structure. The Mediterranean stock of P. pulchricaudatus originated from the Red Sea population, supporting the Lessepsian migration hypothesis. The presence of two closely related cryptic species in the P. japonicus species complex provides important insights into fishery management and aquaculture development.
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