Investigating the taxonomy and systematics of marine wood borers (Bivalvia : Teredinidae) combining evidence from morphology, DNA barcodes and nuclear locus sequences
L. M. S. Borges A E , H. Sivrikaya B , A. le Roux C , J. R. Shipway D , S. M. Cragg D and F. O. Costa A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
B Bartın University, Faculty of Forestry, 74100 Bartın, Turkey.
C 1 Impasse de mouettes, 56000 Vannes, France.
D Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Ferry Road, Portsmouth PO4 9LY, England.
E Corresponding author. Email: luisa.borges@bio.uminho.pt; luisaborges2000@yahoo.co.uk
Invertebrate Systematics 26(6) 572-582 https://doi.org/10.1071/IS12028
Submitted: 18 April 2012 Accepted: 13 September 2012 Published: 19 December 2012
Abstract
Marine wood-boring teredinids, some of the most destructive wood borers in the sea, are a particularly difficult group to identify from morphological features. While in most bivalve species shell features are used as diagnostic characters, in the teredinids shell morphology shows high intraspecific variation and thus identification is based almost entirely on the morphology of the pallets. In the present study we aimed at improving ‘taxonomic resolution’ in teredinids by combining morphological evidence with mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences, respectively Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and small subunit rRNA 18S gene, to generate more rigorous and accessible identifications.
DNA barcodes of Atlantic and Mediterranean populations of Lyrodus pedicellatus diverged by ~20%, suggesting cryptic species in the morphospecies L. pedicellatus. The low intraspecific divergence found in barcodes of specimens of Nototeredo norvagica (0.78%) confirms that Atlantic and Mediterranean forms of N. norvagica, the latter sometimes reported as Teredo utriculus, are the same species. Teredothyra dominicensis was found for the first time in the Mediterranean. A match was obtained between our 18S sequences and sequences of T. dominicensis from Netherlands Antilles, confirming that T. dominicensis in the Mediterranean is the same species that occurs in the Caribbean. There were differences in 18S sequences between Bankia carinata from the Mediterranean and Caribbean, which may indicate cryptic species.
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