Rhizosphere bacteria containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1- carboxylate deaminase increase growth and photosynthesis of pea plants under salt stress by limiting Na+ accumulation
Qiyuan Wang A , Ian C. Dodd B , Andrey A. Belimov C and Fan Jiang A D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100 875, China.
B The Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
C All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelskogo Sh. 3, Pushkin-8, 196 608, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
D Corresponding author. Email: jiangfan@bnu.edu.cn
Functional Plant Biology 43(2) 161-172 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP15200
Submitted: 17 July 2015 Accepted: 5 November 2015 Published: 6 January 2016
Journal Compilation © CSIRO Publishing 2016 Open Access CC BY-NC-ND
Abstract
Although plant salt tolerance has been improved by soil inoculation with rhizobacteria containing the enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase (which metabolises ACC, the immediate precursor of the phytohormone ethylene), it is not always clear whether ion homeostasis and plant water relations are affected. When pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Alderman) was grown with 70 and 130 mM NaCl, the ACC-deaminase containing rhizobacterium Variovorax paradoxus 5C-2 increased total biomass by 25 and 54% respectively. Nutrient flow modelling showed that V. paradoxus 5C-2 increased K uptake and root to shoot K flow, but decreased Na flow and increased Na deposition in roots. Thus, shoot K+ : Na+ ratio increased following V. paradoxus 5C-2 inoculation. At 70 and 130 mM NaCl, rhizobacterial inoculation decreased stomatal resistance by 14 and 31% and decreased xylem balancing pressure by 7 and 21% respectively. Furthermore, rhizobacterial inoculation improved photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) by 12 and 19% and increased maximal electron transport rate (ETR) by 18 and 22% at 70 and 130 mM NaCl respectively. Thus V. paradoxus 5C-2 mitigates salt stress by improving water relations, ion homeostasis and photosynthesis of pea plants, and may provide an economic means of promoting growth of plants exposed to salt stress.
Additional keywords: ion homeostasis, maximal electron transport rate, nutrient flow modelling, photosynthetic efficiency, water relations.
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