ACCESS datasets for CMIP6: methodology and idealised experiments
C. Mackallah
A * , M. A. Chamberlain B , R. M. Law A , M. Dix A , T. Ziehn A , D. Bi A , R. Bodman A C , J. R. Brown C D , P. Dobrohotoff A , K. Druken E , B. Evans E , I. N. Harman F , H. Hayashida G D , R. Holmes H , A. E. Kiss I D , A. Lenton B , Y. Liu E , S. Marsland A , K. Meissner J D , L. Menviel J K , S. O’Farrell A , H. A. Rashid A , S. Ridzwan E , A. Savita A D G , J. Srbinovsky A , A. Sullivan A , C. Trenham F , P. F. Vohralik L , Y.-P. Wang A , G. Williams M , M. T. Woodhouse A and N. Yeung D J
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Vic. 3195, Australia.
B CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Battery Point, Tas. 7004, Australia.
C School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia.
D Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes (CLEX), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
E National Computational Infrastructure, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia.
F CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Black Mountain, ACT 2601, Australia.
G Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas. 7005, Australia.
H School of Geosciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
I Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia.
J Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
K The Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.
L CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia.
M CSIRO Information Management & Technology, Black Mountain, ACT 2601, Australia.
* Correspondence to: chloe.mackallah@csiro.au
Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science 72(2) 93-116 https://doi.org/10.1071/ES21031
Submitted: 16 December 2021 Accepted: 26 May 2022 Published: 14 July 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing on behalf of BoM. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Abstract
The Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator (ACCESS) has contributed to the World Climate Research Programme’s Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) using two fully coupled model versions (ACCESS-CM2 and ACCESS-ESM1.5) and two ocean–sea-ice model versions (1° and 0.25° resolution versions of ACCESS-OM2). The fully coupled models differ primarily in the configuration and version of their atmosphere components (including the aerosol scheme), with smaller differences in their sea-ice and land model versions. Additionally, ACCESS-ESM1.5 includes biogeochemistry in the land and ocean components and can be run with an interactive carbon cycle. CMIP6 comprises core experiments and associated thematic Model Intercomparison Projects (MIPs). This paper provides an overview of the CMIP6 submission, including the methods used for the preparation of input forcing datasets and the post-processing of model output, along with a comprehensive list of experiments performed, detailing their initialisation, duration, ensemble number and computational cost. A small selection of model output is presented, focusing on idealised experiments and their variants at global scale. Differences in the climate simulation of the two coupled models are highlighted. ACCESS-CM2 produces a larger equilibrium climate sensitivity (4.7°C) than ACCESS-ESM1.5 (3.9°C), likely a result of updated atmospheric parameterisation in recent versions of the atmospheric component of ACCESS-CM2. The idealised experiments run with ACCESS-ESM1.5 show that land and ocean carbon fluxes respond to both changing atmospheric CO2 and to changing temperature. ACCESS data submitted to CMIP6 are available from the Earth System Grid Federation (https://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.2281 and https://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.2288). The information provided in this paper should facilitate easier use of these significant datasets by the broader climate community.
Keywords: ACCESS, climate change, climate data, climate model evaluation, climate simulation, CMIP6, coupled climate model, Earth System Model.
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