A novel approach for using silica nanoparticles in a proppant pack to fixate coal fines
Faisal Ur Rahman Awan A B D , Alireza Keshavarz A , Hamed Akhondzadeh A , Sarmad Al-Anssari A C and Stefan Iglauer A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia.
B Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 74800, Sindh, Pakistan.
C Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq.
D Corresponding author. Email: f.awan@ecu.edu.au
The APPEA Journal 60(1) 88-96 https://doi.org/10.1071/AJ19031
Submitted: 17 December 2019 Accepted: 23 January 2020 Published: 15 May 2020
Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing operations in coal seam gas reservoirs are highly prone to release coal fines. Coal fines inevitably cause mechanical pump failure and permeability damage as a result of their hydrophobicity, aggregation in the system and pore-throat blockage. One approach to affix these coal fines at their source, and to retard generation, is to introduce a nanoparticle-treated proppant pack. Thus, this research explores coal fines retention (known as adsorption) in a proppant pack using nanoparticles. In the study, the electrolytic environment, pH, flow rate, temperature and pressure were kept constant, while the variables were concentration of silica nanoparticles (0–0.1 wt%) and coal fines concentration (0.1–1 wt%). The objective was to identify silica nano-formulations that effectively fixate coal fine dispersions. Subsequently, the coal suspensions flowed through a glass-bead proppant pack treated with and without nanoparticles, and were then analysed via a particle counter. The quantitative results from particle counter analysis showed that the proppant pack with nanoparticle treatment strongly affected the fixation ability of coal fines. The proppant pack without nanoparticle treatment showed up to 30% adsorption and flowed through the proppant untreated, while proppant pack treated with nanoparticles showed up to 74% adsorption; hence, more exceptional affixation ability to the coal fines. Further, the results indicated that the zeta-potential of silica nanoparticles at higher salinity became unstable, i.e. approximately –20 mV; this low value helped the proppant pack treated with nanoparticles to attach coal fines to it. The ability of nanoparticles to adsorb coal fines is due to their highly active surface, and high specific surface area.
Keywords: CBM, fines fixation, nanofluid, nanoparticles, proppant pack.
Faisal Ur Rahman Awan is a PhD candidate in Petroleum Engineering at Edith Cowan University (ECU), Australia. His work focuses specifically on coal fines fixation using nanoparticles. Mr. Awan did his Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Petroleum Engineering. He has also served at Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, as an Assistant Professor in Petroleum Engineering for the last seven years. He is a member of prestigious societies such as SPE, SEG, EI and PEC. |
Alireza Keshavarz holds a PhD degree in Petroleum Engineering from the University of Adelaide, an MSc in Reservoir Engineering from the University of Tehran, Iran, and a BSc in Chemical-Petroleum Engineering from Petroleum University of Technology, Iran. He presently serves as a Senior Lecturer at the School of Engineering at ECU. Before joining ECU, Alireza was a research scientist in the CSIRO-Energy Business Unit, where he researched enhancing gas production from unconventional resources and CO2-sequestration. Before pursuing his PhD study, he was a petroleum engineer in the National Iranian Oil Co. (NIOC) for six years. Alireza’s research interests focus on enhanced oil/gas recovery from conventional and unconventional reservoirs. He is a member of SPE. |
Hamed Akhondzadeh completed his BSc and MSc in Petroleum Engineering. During his MSc study, he conducted numerical research on heavy oil EOR. He used two of the most professional petroleum simulators, CMG and Eclipse, in his studies. He changed his research field to coalbed methane in 2016 and received a scholarship for his PhD studies at ECU, Australia. For the time being, as a PhD student at ECU, he is experimentally researching on coalbed methane productivity enhancement as his priority, and also partially on enhanced oil recovery and CO2 geosequestration. He is a member of SPE. |
Sarmad Al-Anssari is currently a senior lecturer in Chemical Engineering at the University of Baghdad, Iraq. He earned a BSc and MSc in Chemical Engineering from the University of Baghdad and he holds a PhD in Chemical Engineering/Nanotechnology from Curtin University, Australia. He worked as a faculty member in the University of Baghdad for more than 10 years and recently he has been an Adjunct Lecturer at ECU and external supervisor at Curtin University. His research interest is in different applications of NPs and nanofluids in different disciplines, including wettability alteration, enhanced oil recovery, and carbon capture and storage. |
Stefan Iglauer joined ECU in 2018 as a Professor to lead the developments in the Petroleum Engineering discipline. His research interests are in petrophysics and interfacial phenomena, mainly at pore-scale with a focus on CO2 geosequestration and improved hydrocarbon recovery. Stefan has authored more than 250 technical publications; he holds a PhD in Material Science from Oxford Brookes University, UK, and an MSc from the University of Paderborn, Germany. He is a member of SPE. |
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