Role of microbial reducing activity in antimony and arsenic release from an unpolluted wetland soil: a lab scale study using sodium azide as a microbial inhibiting agent
Asmaa Rouwane A B , Marion Rabiet A B , Isabelle Bourven A , Malgorzata Grybos A , Lucie Mallet A and Gilles Guibaud A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Groupement de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement (GRESE), University of Limoges, 123 Av. Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges cedex, France.
B Corresponding authors. Email: asmaa.rouwane@etu.unilim.fr; marion.rabiet@unilim.fr
Environmental Chemistry 13(6) 945-954 https://doi.org/10.1071/EN16029
Submitted: 6 February 2016 Accepted: 15 June 2016 Published: 27 July 2016
Environmental context. Antimony and arsenic are toxic elements occurring naturally in the environment. We found that arsenic release to water from an unpolluted wetland soil is related to microbial reducing activity only, whereas antimony can still be released when this activity is inhibited, suggesting the involvement of additional processes. The findings show that microbial/non-microbial mechanisms control arsenic and antimony release and can thereby impact water quality at wetland outlets.
Abstract. In wetland soils, the mobility of geogenic metal(loid)s is usually associated with direct or indirect microbial-induced processes (solubilisation of mineral and organic components, pH induced desorption, competition effects, dissimilatory reduction). To identify the role of microbial reducing activity in As and Sb release, we conducted two series of soil incubations (sodium azide-treated (NaN3-T) and non-treated (NT)) in closed batches for 36 days. During the incubation period, we monitored the evolution of dissolved As, Sb, Mn, FeII, organic carbon (DOC), humic substances (HS) and proteins (PN) with their apparent molecular weight distribution (aMW) as well as pH, reduction potential (Eh) and alkalinity. Results showed that the release of As and Sb occurred when microbially reducing conditions prevailed (NT soil Eh ~0 mV and FeII > 40 mg L–1) and was inhibited for As in the absence of microbial reducing activity (NaN3-T soil; Eh > 250 mV and Fe < 1 mg L–1). In contrast, Sb behaved differently since its release was only slowed down when microbially reducing conditions were inhibited. We concluded that soil microbial reducing activity fully controls the release of As and to a lesser extent that of Sb when NaN3 is used as a microbial inhibiting agent. Since Sb release and dissolved organic matter (DOM) solubilisation (NaN3-induced artefact) occurred simultaneously in the absence of microbially reducing conditions, we concluded that organic matter could be one key factor controlling Sb mobilisation in the given conditions, which is not the case for As.
Additional keywords: As mobility, gleysol, microbial activity, Sb mobility, reducing conditions.
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