Comparing responses to phosphorus of field pea (Pisum sativum), canola (rape, Brassica napus) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum)
M. D. A. Bolland A B E , R. F. Brennan C and P. F White DA Department of Agriculture, PO Box 1231, Bunbury, WA 6231, Australia.
B School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
C Department of Agriculture, 444 Albany Highway, Albany, WA 6330, Australia.
D Department of Agriculture, Locked Bag 4, Bentley Delivery Centre, WA 6983, Australia.
E Corresponding author. Email: mbolland@agric.wa.gov.au
Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46(5) 645-657 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA03276
Submitted: 20 December 2003 Accepted: 17 September 2004 Published: 12 May 2006
Abstract
The phosphorus (P) requirements of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are well known for all soils in south-western Australia; but the P requirements of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.), which are grown in rotation with wheat on marginally acidic to alkaline soils in the region, are not known. In a glasshouse study, the P requirements of field pea and wheat were compared for 16 soils collected throughout the agricultural region. Ten of the 16 soils were also used to compare the P requirements of canola and wheat. The P was applied as powdered single superphosphate, and yield of dried shoots of 42-day-old plants was measured. The amount of P required to produce 90% of the maximum yield of dried shoots (PR90 values) was used to compare the P requirements of the species. To produce 90% of the maximum yield, field pea required less P than wheat in 5 soils, similar P in 2 soils, and more P in 9 soils. Canola required less P than wheat in all 10 soils. We conclude the P requirements of field pea or canola relative to wheat depend on a complex interaction between plant and soil, particularly for field pea relative to wheat. Per unit of applied P, the P concentration in dried shoots decreased in the order canola > wheat > field pea, indicating the order in which plant roots of the 3 species were able to access P from soil.
Acknowledgments
Technical assistance was provided by Frank O’Donnell for the 2 Albany experiments and by Mike Baker for the South Perth experiment. Funds were provided by the Pulse and Oilseed programs of the Western Australian Department of Agriculture. The Chemistry Centre (WA) measured soil properties and P concentration in dried shoots. Comments and suggestions of Dr N. J. Barrow greatly improved our paper.
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