Combined zinc and selenium biofortification in field peas under Mediterranean conditions
Maria D. Reynolds-Marzal A , Angélica M. Rivera-Martín A , Nuno M. Pinheiro B , Sara M. Rodrigo A , Oscar Santamaria
A C * and Maria J. Poblaciones A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Agronomy and Forest Environment Engineering, University of Extremadura, Avenida Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain.
B INIAV, National Institute of Agricultural and Veterinary Research, Estrada de Gil Vaz, 7350-228 Elvas, Portugal.
C Department of Plant Production and Forest Resources, University of Valladolid, Av. Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain.
Crop & Pasture Science - https://doi.org/10.1071/CP21711
Submitted: 8 June 2021 Accepted: 5 November 2021 Published online: 14 February 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
The intake of zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se), two essential micronutrients, is deficient worldwide both in humans and in livestock. This deficiency could be alleviated through agronomic biofortification, a practice that increases their concentrations in edible parts through mineral application. The aim of the present study was to evaluate in a 2-year field experiment (2017/18, 2018/19) the suitability of field peas to increase Zn and Se grain concentration after soil Zn application (50 kg Zn ha−1; no Zn) and foliar application (0; 10 g Se ha−1; 8 kg Zn ha−1; 10 g Se ha−1 + 8 kg Zn ha−1). Zinc bioavailability (estimated by the molar ratio phytate/mineral), grain yield, thousand grain weight, grain crude protein and mineral status (magnesium, calcium and iron) of the grain were also evaluated by following a split-split plot design. For biofortification purposes, the combined foliar application of Zn (8 kg Zn ha−1) and Se (10 g Se ha−1) increased Zn and Se concentrations in grain by around 30% and 73%, respectively, as well as Zn bioavailability, decreasing the molar ratio phytate/Zn by 30%. The additional soil application of 50 kg Zn ha−1 increased grain yield by 16%. Other nutritional parameters, such as content of protein or other essential minerals, were also improved (or at least not negatively affected) by the combined application of Zn and Se. All of these aspects evidenced the suitability of field peas for use in biofortification programmes through the simultaneous application of Zn and Se, which might also cheapen application costs.
Keywords: biofortification, crude protein, grain yield, mineral status, Pisum sativum, rainfed conditions, sodium selenate, zinc sulfate.
References
Alloway BJ (2009) Soil factors associated with zinc deficiency in crops and humans. Environmental Geochemistry and Health 31, 537–548.| Soil factors associated with zinc deficiency in crops and humans.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19291414PubMed |
Brown KH, Santizo MC, Peerson JM, Begin F, Tonin B (2001) Nutritional quality of complementary feeding regimens and its relationship to dietary diversity and use of processed foods and animal products in low-income Guatemalan communities. The FASEB Journal 15, A732–A732.
Burkitbayev M, Bachilova N, Kurmanbayeva M, Tolenova K, Yerezhepova N, Zhumagul M, Mamurova A, Turysbek B, Demeu G (2021) Effect of sulfur-containing agrochemicals on growth, yield, and protein content of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr). Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28, 891–900.
| Effect of sulfur-containing agrochemicals on growth, yield, and protein content of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 33424381PubMed |
Cakmak I, Marschner H, Bangerth F (1989) Effect of zinc nutritional status on growth, protein metabolism and levels of indole-3-acetic acid and other phytohormones in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Journal of Experimental Botany 40, 405–412.
| Effect of zinc nutritional status on growth, protein metabolism and levels of indole-3-acetic acid and other phytohormones in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Dinh QT, Cui Z, Huang J, Tran TAT, Wang D, Yang W, Zhou F, Wang M, Yu D, Liang D (2018) Selenium distribution in the Chinese environment and its relationship with human health: a review. Environment International 112, 294–309.
| Selenium distribution in the Chinese environment and its relationship with human health: a review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 29438838PubMed |
Elmadfa I, Meyer A, Nowak V, Hasenegger V, Putz P, Verstraeten R, Remaut-DeWinter AM, Kolsteren P, Dostálová J, Dlouhý P, Trolle E, et al. (2009) European nutrition and health report 2009. Forum of Nutrition 62, 1–405.
| European nutrition and health report 2009.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20081327PubMed |
Fernández V, Sotiropoulos T, Brown P (2013) ‘Foliar fertilization: scientific principles and field practices’, (International Fertilizer Industry Association (IFA): Paris)
Ghaderzadeh S, Mirzaei Aghjeh-Gheshlagh F, Nikbin S, Navidshad B (2016) A review on properties of selenium in animal nutrition. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Sciences 6, 753–761.
Ghasemi S, Khoshgoftarmanesh AH, Afyuni M, Hadadzadeh H (2013) The effectiveness of foliar applications of synthesized zinc-amino acid chelates in comparison with zinc sulfate to increase yield and grain nutritional quality of wheat. European Journal of Agronomy 45, 68–74.
| The effectiveness of foliar applications of synthesized zinc-amino acid chelates in comparison with zinc sulfate to increase yield and grain nutritional quality of wheat.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gomez-Coronado F, Poblaciones MJ, Almeida AS, Cakmak I (2016) Zinc (Zn) concentration of bread wheat grown under Mediterranean conditions as affected by genotype and soil/foliar Zn application. Plant and Soil 401, 331–346.
| Zinc (Zn) concentration of bread wheat grown under Mediterranean conditions as affected by genotype and soil/foliar Zn application.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gupta RK, Gangoliya SS, Singh NK (2015) Reduction of phytic acid and enhancement of bioavailable micronutrients in food grains. Journal of Food Science and Technology 52, 676–684.
| Reduction of phytic acid and enhancement of bioavailable micronutrients in food grains.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 25694676PubMed |
Hill GM, Shannon MC (2019) Copper and zinc nutritional issues for agricultural animal production. Biological Trace Element Research 188, 148–159.
| Copper and zinc nutritional issues for agricultural animal production.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 30612303PubMed |
Hla Hla E, Tengda Z, Muhammad Umer F, Rui Z, Yang S, Xin H, Yujie Z, Yuanke L, Zhichen T, Xiaoying Ye, Xiaomei J, Jianqing Z (2019) Evaluation on zinc and selenium nutrients in polished rice of rice genotypes under zinc biofortification. Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research 21, 16205–16212.
| Evaluation on zinc and selenium nutrients in polished rice of rice genotypes under zinc biofortification.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Kutman UB, Yildiz B, Cakmak I (2011) Improved nitrogen status enhances zinc and iron concentrations both in the whole grain and the endosperm fraction of wheat. Journal of Cereal Science 53, 118–125.
| Improved nitrogen status enhances zinc and iron concentrations both in the whole grain and the endosperm fraction of wheat.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Marschner H (1995) ‘Mineral nutrition of higher plants’, 2nd edn. (Academic Press: London)
Morris ER, Ellis R (1989) Usefulness of the dietary phytic acid/ zinc molar ratio as an index of zinc bioavailability to rats and humans. Biological Trace Element Research 19, 107–117.
| Usefulness of the dietary phytic acid/ zinc molar ratio as an index of zinc bioavailability to rats and humans.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 2484373PubMed |
Na GN, Salt DE (2011) The role of sulfur assimilation and sulfur-containing compounds in trace element homeostasis in plants. Environmental and Experimental Botany 72, 18–25.
| The role of sulfur assimilation and sulfur-containing compounds in trace element homeostasis in plants.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
National Research Council (2001) ‘Reference intakes for vitamin A, vitamin K, As, B, Cr, Cu, I, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Si and Zn.’ (Institute of Medicine/Food and Nutrition Board, National Academy Press: Washington, DC)
Pandey N, Gupta B, Pathak GC (2013) Enhanced yield and nutritional enrichment of seeds of Pisum sativum L. through foliar application of zinc. Scientia Horticulturae 164, 474–483.
| Enhanced yield and nutritional enrichment of seeds of Pisum sativum L. through foliar application of zinc.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Poblaciones MJ, Rengel Z (2016) Soil and foliar zinc biofortification in field pea (Pisum sativum L.): grain accumulation and bioavailability in raw and cooked grains. Food Chemistry 212, 427–433.
| Soil and foliar zinc biofortification in field pea (Pisum sativum L.): grain accumulation and bioavailability in raw and cooked grains.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 27374552PubMed |
Poblaciones MJ, Rengel Z (2017) Combined foliar selenium and zinc biofortification in field pea (Pisum sativum): accumulation and bioavailability in raw and cooked grains. Crop & Pasture Science 68, 265–271.
| Combined foliar selenium and zinc biofortification in field pea (Pisum sativum): accumulation and bioavailability in raw and cooked grains.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Poblaciones MJ, Rodrigo SM, Santamaría O (2013) Evaluation of the potential of peas (Pisum sativum L.) to be used in selenium biofortification programs under Mediterranean conditions. Biological Trace Element Research 151, 132–137.
| Evaluation of the potential of peas (Pisum sativum L.) to be used in selenium biofortification programs under Mediterranean conditions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 23129527PubMed |
Poblaciones MJ, Rodrigo S, Santamaria O, Chen Y, McGrath SP (2014) Selenium accumulation and speciation in biofortified chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Mediterranean conditions. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 94, 1101–1106.
| Selenium accumulation and speciation in biofortified chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Mediterranean conditions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 23983062PubMed |
Ram H, Rashid A, Zhang W, Duarte AP, Phattarakul N, Simunji S, Kalayci M, Freitas R, Rerkasem B, Bal RS, Mahmood K, Savasli E, Lungu O, Wang ZH, de Barros VLNP, Malik SS, Arisoy RZ, Guo JX, Sohu VS, Zou CQ, Cakmak I (2016) Biofortification of wheat, rice and common bean by applying foliar zinc fertilizer along with pesticides in seven countries. Plant and Soil 403, 389–401.
| Biofortification of wheat, rice and common bean by applying foliar zinc fertilizer along with pesticides in seven countries.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Rayman MP (2012) Selenium and human health. The Lancet 379, 1256–1268.
| Selenium and human health.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Reid ME, Duffield-Lillico AJ, Slate E, Natarajan N, Turnbull B, Jacobs E, Combs GF, Alberts DS, Clark LC, Marshall JR (2008) The nutritional prevention of cancer: 400 Mcg per day selenium treatment. Nutrition and Cancer 60, 155–163.
| The nutritional prevention of cancer: 400 Mcg per day selenium treatment.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 18444146PubMed |
Reynolds-Marzal MD, Rivera-Martín AM, Rodrigo SM, Santamaria O, Poblaciones MJ (2021a) Biofortification of forage peas with combined application of selenium and zinc under Mediterranean conditions. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 21, 286–300.
| Biofortification of forage peas with combined application of selenium and zinc under Mediterranean conditions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Reynolds-Marzal D, Rivera-Martín A, Santamaria O, Poblaciones MJ (2021b) Combined selenium and zinc biofortification of bread-making wheat under Mediterranean conditions. Plants 10, 1209
| Combined selenium and zinc biofortification of bread-making wheat under Mediterranean conditions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 34198667PubMed |
Rietra RPJJ, Heinen M, Dimkpa CO, Bindraban PS (2017) Effects of nutrient antagonism and synergism on yield and fertilizer use efficiency. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 48, 1895–1920.
| Effects of nutrient antagonism and synergism on yield and fertilizer use efficiency.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Rodrigo S, Santamaria O, Poblaciones MJ (2014) Selenium application timing: influence in wheat grain and flour selenium accumulation under Mediterranean conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science 6, 23–30.
| Selenium application timing: influence in wheat grain and flour selenium accumulation under Mediterranean conditions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Saha S, Chakraborty M, Padhan D, Saha B, Murmu S, Batabyal K, Seth A, Hazra GC, Mandal B, Bell RW (2017) Agronomic biofortification of zinc in rice: Influence of cultivars and zinc application methods on grain yield and zinc bioavailability. Field Crops Research 210, 52–60.
| Agronomic biofortification of zinc in rice: Influence of cultivars and zinc application methods on grain yield and zinc bioavailability.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Singh AK, Bhatt BP (2013) Effects of foliar application of zinc on growth and seed yield of late-sown lentil. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research 83, 622–626.
Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (2021) Anuario de estadística alimentaria del 2019. (MAPA: Madrid) Available at https://www.mapa.gob.es/es/estadistica/temas/publicaciones/anuario-de-estadistica/
Suttle N (2010) ‘Mineral nutrition of livestock’, 4th edn. (CABI: Cambridge, UK)
| Crossref |
Thavarajah D, Thavarajah P, Sarker A, Vandenberg A (2009) Lentils (Lens culinaris Medikus subspecies culinaris): a whole food for increased iron and zinc intake. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57, 5413–5419.
| Lentils (Lens culinaris Medikus subspecies culinaris): a whole food for increased iron and zinc intake.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19459707PubMed |
Thavarajah D, Warkentin T, Vandenberg A (2010) Natural enrichment of selenium in Saskatchewan field peas (Pisum sativum L.). Canadian Journal of Plant Science 90, 383–389.
| Natural enrichment of selenium in Saskatchewan field peas (Pisum sativum L.).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Ullah A, Farooq M, Nadeem F, Rehman A, Hussain M, Nawaz A, Naveed M (2020) Zinc application in combination with zinc solubilizing Enterobacter sp. MN17 improved productivity, profitability, zinc efficiency, and quality of Desi chickpea. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 20, 2133–2144.
| Zinc application in combination with zinc solubilizing Enterobacter sp. MN17 improved productivity, profitability, zinc efficiency, and quality of Desi chickpea.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
United States Department of Agriculture (1998) ‘Soil taxonomy, keys to soil taxonomy’, 11th edn. (USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service: Washington, DC)
Weiss J (1996) Trace elements in dairy cattle feeding. Milchpraxis 34, 101–103.
White PJ, Broadley MR (2005) Biofortifying crops with essential mineral elements. Trends in Plant Science 10, 586–593.
| Biofortifying crops with essential mineral elements.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 16271501PubMed |
WHO/FAO (2003) Food energy–methods of analysis and conversion factors. Technical Workshop Report. Food and Nutrition Paper 77, pp. 8-9. (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Rome)
Zou C, Du Y, Rashid A, Ram H, Savasli E, Pieterse PJ, Ortiz-Monasterio I, Yazici A, Kaur C, Mahmood K, Singh S, Le Roux MR, Kuang W, Onder O, Kalayci M, Cakmak I (2019) Simultaneous biofortification of wheat with zinc, iodine, selenium, and iron through foliar treatment of a micronutrient cocktail in six countries. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 67, 8096–8106.
| Simultaneous biofortification of wheat with zinc, iodine, selenium, and iron through foliar treatment of a micronutrient cocktail in six countries.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 31260296PubMed |
