Cultivar resistance offers the first opportunity for effective management of the emerging powdery mildew (Erysiphe cruciferarum) threat to oilseed brassicas in Australia
M. B. Uloth A , M. P. You A and M. J. Barbetti A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A School of Agriculture and Environment and the UWA Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
B Corresponding author. Email: martin.barbetti@uwa.edu.au
Crop and Pasture Science 67(11) 1179-1187 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP16182
Submitted: 19 May 2016 Accepted: 3 October 2016 Published: 3 November 2016
Abstract
Powdery mildew of brassicas, caused by Erysiphe cruciferarum, is an emerging threat to oilseed Brassica production in Australia. Resistance to powdery mildew was assessed in 112 current and historic Australian Brassica napus canola cultivars and five cultivars of B. juncea mustard cultivars under controlled environmental conditions. Only 18% of leaf area was infested by the end of the test on the most resistant cultivars, compared with means of up to 70% for the most susceptible cultivars as well as severe stem and pod infection. For B. napus, cultivars with the greatest potential for reducing the impact of powdery mildew in the field were Trooper, Bravo TT, Summit, Tumby, Narendra and Hyola 650TT, all ranked in the 10% of cultivars with the lowest leaf infestation (Area Under The Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) <537) and with <10% of stem area infested. For B. juncea, the level of leaf infestation was lowest for Sahara CL and Xceed X121 CL (AUDPC 303 and 380 respectively), but the high levels of stem infestation (42% and 28% respectively) in these cultivars may reduce their usefulness in the field. The most resistant cultivars identified can be immediately deployed into regions where powdery mildew is prevalent, providing the canola industry with an immediate and effective option for management of this increasingly troublesome disease.
Additional keywords: Brassica juncea, Brassica napus, canola, disease screening, Erysiphe cruciferarum, oilseed rape.
References
Barbetti MJ, Banga SS, Salisbury PA (2012) Challenges for crop production and management from pathogen biodiversity and diseases under current and future climate scenarios – case study with oilseed Brassicas. Field Crops Research 127, 225–240.| Challenges for crop production and management from pathogen biodiversity and diseases under current and future climate scenarios – case study with oilseed Brassicas.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bennett FGA (1984) Resistance to powdery mildew in wheat: a review of its use in agriculture and breeding programmes. Plant Pathology 33, 279–300.
| Resistance to powdery mildew in wheat: a review of its use in agriculture and breeding programmes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bradshaw JE, Gemmell DJ, Williamson CJ (1989) Inheritance of adult plant resistance to powdery mildew in swedes. Annals of Applied Biology 114, 359–366.
| Inheritance of adult plant resistance to powdery mildew in swedes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Chattopadhyay C, Kolte SJ (2015) Diseases. In ‘Brassica oilseeds; breeding and management’. (Eds A Kumar, SS Banga, PD Meena, PR Kumar) pp. 115–147. (CAB International: Wallingford, UK)
Chattopadhyay C, Agrawal R, Kumar A, Bhar LM, Meena PD, Meena RL, Khan SA, Chattopadhyay AK, Awasthi RP, Singh SN, Chakravarthy NVK, Singh RB, Bhunia CK (2005) Epidemiology and forecasting of Alternaria blight of oilseed Brassica in India – a case study/Epidemiologie und Prognose von Alternaria brassicae an Brassica-Ölfrüchten in Indien – Eine Fallstudie. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 112, 351–365.
Dange KK, Patel RL, Patel SI, Patel KK (2002) Assessment of losses in yield due to powdery mildew disease in mustard under north Gujarat conditions. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology (India) 32, 249–250.
Desai A, Chattopadhyay C, Agrawal R, Kumar A, Meena R, Meena P, Ramakrishna Y (2004) Brassica juncea powdery mildew epidemiology and weather-based forecasting models for India – a case study. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 111, 429–438.
Fondevilla S, Carver TLW, Moreno MT, Rubiales D (2007) Identification and characterization of sources of resistance to Erysiphe pisi Syd. in Pisum spp. Plant Breeding 126, 113–119.
| Identification and characterization of sources of resistance to Erysiphe pisi Syd. in Pisum spp.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gaetán S, Madia M (2004) First report of canola powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe polygoni in Argentina. Plant Disease 88, 1163
| First report of canola powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe polygoni in Argentina.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
GRDC (2016) National Variety Trials. Available at: www.nvtonline.com.au/ (accessed 9 October 2016).
Gunasinghe N, You MP, Lanoiselet V, Eyres N, Barbetti MJ (2013) First report of Powdery Mildew caused by Erysiphe cruciferarum on Brassica campestris var. pekinensis, B. carinata, Eruca sativa, E. vesicaria in Australia and on B. rapa and B. oleracea var. capitata in Western Australia. Plant Disease 97, 1256
| First report of Powdery Mildew caused by Erysiphe cruciferarum on Brassica campestris var. pekinensis, B. carinata, Eruca sativa, E. vesicaria in Australia and on B. rapa and B. oleracea var. capitata in Western Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gunasinghe N, You MP, Barbetti MJ (2015) Phenotypic and phylogenetic studies associated with the crucifer white leaf spot pathogen, Pseudocercosporella capsellae, in Western Australia. Plant Pathology 65, 205–217.
| Phenotypic and phylogenetic studies associated with the crucifer white leaf spot pathogen, Pseudocercosporella capsellae, in Western Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Hoffmann S, Di Gaspero G, Kovács L, Howard S, Kiss E, Galbács Z, Kozma P (2008) Resistance to Erysiphe necator in the grapevine ‘Kishmish vatkana’ is controlled by a single locus through restriction of hyphal growth. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 116, 427–438.
| Resistance to Erysiphe necator in the grapevine ‘Kishmish vatkana’ is controlled by a single locus through restriction of hyphal growth.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXps1Shtg%3D%3D&md5=b1f4b6755c2decf566120259a9a65160CAS |
Huang X-Q, Röder MS (2004) Molecular mapping of powdery mildew resistance genes in wheat: A review. Euphytica 137, 203–223.
| Molecular mapping of powdery mildew resistance genes in wheat: A review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnsFOrs7k%3D&md5=8927151865c5ab8c7c6fcbb56729423aCAS |
Huang YJ, Jestin C, Welham SJ, King GJ, Manzanares-Dauleux MJ, Fitt BD, Delourme R (2016) Identification of environmentally stable QTL for resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans in oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 129, 169–180.
| Identification of environmentally stable QTL for resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans in oilseed rape (Brassica napus).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BC28zntFKgug%3D%3D&md5=87f6c6d2fd6a91f4431ac997f500f493CAS |
Jestin C, Lodé M, Vallée P, Domin C, Falentin C, Horvais R, Delourme R (2011) Association mapping of quantitative resistance for Leptosphaeria maculans in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Molecular Breeding 27, 271–287.
| Association mapping of quantitative resistance for Leptosphaeria maculans in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Johnston TD (1975) Mildew and club root in swedes and rape: a breeder’s comments. Annals of Applied Biology 81, 278–279.
| Mildew and club root in swedes and rape: a breeder’s comments.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Jørgensen JH, Wolfe M (1994) Genetics of powdery mildew resistance in barley. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 13, 97–119.
| Genetics of powdery mildew resistance in barley.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Karakaya A, Gray FA, Koch D (1993) Powdery mildew of Brassica spp in Wyoming. Plant Disease 77, 1063
| Powdery mildew of Brassica spp in Wyoming.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Kaur P, Li CX, Barbetti MJ, You MP, Li H, Sivasithamparam K (2008) First report of Powdery Mildew caused by Erysiphe cruciferearum on Brassica juncea in Australia. Plant Disease 92, 650
| First report of Powdery Mildew caused by Erysiphe cruciferearum on Brassica juncea in Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Khangura R, Beard C (2015) Powdery mildew in canola. Pestfax, Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, 2015(15). Available at: www.agric.wa.gov.au/newsletters/pestfax-issue-15-august-15?page=0%2C5#smartpaging_toc_p5_s0_h2
Khangura R, MacLeod WJ, Aberra M (2011) Dynamics of fungal diseases of canola in Western Australia. In ‘17th Australian Research Assembly on Brassicas (ARAB)’. Wagga Wagga, NSW. Available at: www.australianoilseeds.com/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/8305/S3-P2-Khangura.pdf
Kim JY, Kim BS, Cho SE, Shin HD (2013) First report of powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe cruciferarum on Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) in Korea. Plant Disease 97, 138–1.
| First report of powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe cruciferarum on Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) in Korea.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Kulkarni RN, Chopra VL (1980) Slow rusting resistance: its components, nature and inheritance. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 87, 562–573.
Kumar A, Singh D (2002) Inheritance of resistance in inter and intraspecific crosses of Brassica juncea and Brassica carinata to Albugo candida and Erysiphe cruciferarum. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology 32, 59–63.
Madden LV, Hughes G, van den Bosch F (2007) ‘The study of plant disease epidemics.’ (American Phytopathological Society: St Paul, MN)
Mehta N, Sangwan MS, Saharan GS (2005) Fungal diseases of rapeseed-mustard. In ‘Diseases of oilseed crops’. (Eds GS Saharan, N Mehta, MS Sangwan) pp. 15–86. (Indus Publishing Company: New Delhi, India)
Mert-Türk F, Gul MK, Egesel CO (2008) Nitrogen and fungicide applications against Erysiphe cruciferarum affect quality components of oilseed rape. Mycopathologia 165, 27–35.
| Nitrogen and fungicide applications against Erysiphe cruciferarum affect quality components of oilseed rape.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Penaud A (1999) Chemical control and yield losses caused by Erysiphe cruciferarum on oilseed rape in France. In ‘10th International Rapeseed Congress’. Canberra, ACT.
Reuveni R, Dor G, Reuveni M (1998) Local and systemic control of powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica) on pepper plants by foliar spray of mono-potassium phosphate. Crop Protection 17, 703–709.
| Local and systemic control of powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica) on pepper plants by foliar spray of mono-potassium phosphate.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmvVShsQ%3D%3D&md5=2f203d79af9f4a485286224bb7b4a6a6CAS |
Sadowski C, Dakowska S, Lukanowski A, Jedryczka M (2002) Occurrence of fungal diseases on spring rape in Poland. In ‘Working Group: Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops’. April 2001, Soest, Germany. Vol. 25. (Eds VH Paul, I Föller) pp. 1–12. (IOBC/WPRS Bulletin: Dijon, Cedex)
Saharan GS, Kaushik JC (1981) Occurrence and epidemiology of powdery mildew of Brassica. Indian Phytopathology 34, 54–57.
Saharan GS, Krishnia SK (1999) Management of rapeseed-mustard diseases through multiple disease resistance – A new strategy (Abstr.). In ‘National Symposium on Plant Disease Scenario under Changing Agro-Eco System’. Palampur, India. p. 40. (CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University: Palampur, India)
Shivpuri A, Chipa HP, Gupta RBL, Sharma KN (1997) Field evaluation of white rust, powdery mildew and stem rot. Annals of Arid Zone 36, 387–389.
Singh RB, Singh RN (2003) Management of powdery mildew of mustard. Indian Phytopathology 56, 147–150.
Singh R, Singh D, Salisbury P, Barbetti MJ (2010) Field evaluation of indigenous and exotic Brassica juncea genotypes against Alternaria blight, white rust, downy mildew and powdery mildew diseases in India. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 80, 155–159.
Sylvester-Bradley R, Makepeace RJ (1984) A code for stages of development in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Aspects of Applied Biology 6, 399–419.
Tonguc M, Griffiths P (2004) Transfer of powdery mildew resistance from Brassica carinata to B. oleracea. HortScience 39, 869
Torres AM, Román B, Avila CM, Satovic Z, Rubiales D, Sillero JC, Moreno MT (2006) Faba bean breeding for resistance against biotic stresses: towards application of marker technology. Euphytica 147, 67–80.
| Faba bean breeding for resistance against biotic stresses: towards application of marker technology.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Uloth MB, You MP, Finnegan PM, Banga SS, Banga SK, Sandhu PS, Barbetti MJ (2013) New sources of resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum for crucifer crops. Field Crops Research 154, 40–52.
| New sources of resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum for crucifer crops.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
You MP, Uloth MB, Li XX, Banga SS, Banga SK, Barbetti MJ (2016) Valuable new resistances ensure improved management of sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in horticultural and oilseed Brassica species. Journal of Phytopathology 164, 291–299.
| Valuable new resistances ensure improved management of sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in horticultural and oilseed Brassica species.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XlslSrurs%3D&md5=900a88413d4f65cf51d3c417e1bf2688CAS |
Zhao J, Meng J (2003) Genetic analysis of loci associated with partial resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 106, 759–764.
Zhao J, Udall J, Quijada P, Grau CR, Meng J, Osborn T (2006) Quantitative trait loci for resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and its association with a homeologous non-reciprocal transposition in Brassica napus L. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 112, 509–516.
| Quantitative trait loci for resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and its association with a homeologous non-reciprocal transposition in Brassica napus L.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xnt1yjsLo%3D&md5=6bec7a363452ff979192f49bc7f9b43aCAS |
Ziv O, Zitter T (1992) Effects of bicarbonates and film-forming polymers on cucurbit foliar diseases. Plant Disease 76, 513–517.
| Effects of bicarbonates and film-forming polymers on cucurbit foliar diseases.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK38XksVamu7g%3D&md5=c7f21aa2d27e4793ee667aeafa0d04fcCAS |
