Development of a thermal-time model for combinational dormancy release of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa ssp. villosa)
Juan P. Renzi A B D , Guillermo R. Chantre B C and Miguel A. Cantamutto B C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, 8142 Hilario Ascasubi, Argentina.
B Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Andrés 800, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
C Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida (CERZOS-CONICET), 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
D Corresponding author. Email: renzipugni.juan@inta.gob.ar
Crop and Pasture Science 65(5) 470-478 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP13430
Submitted: 9 December 2013 Accepted: 1 May 2014 Published: 16 June 2014
Abstract
Seed dormancy could be a factor related to natural reseeding of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa ssp. villosa Roth.), a winter annual species cultivated for seed, pasture, hay, green manure and cover crop. The presence of combinational dormancy (physical dormancy + physiological dormancy, PY + PD) in hairy vetch was explored by a model using laboratory and field measures. At the stage of natural dispersal, dry seeds of hairy vetch were stored under laboratory conditions at 5, 10, 20 and 30°C (±2°C) or buried at 5 cm depth in an experimental field. Germination at 5, 8, 10, 15, 20 and 25°C was assessed at regular intervals up to 295 days after harvest. Following the hypothesis of the existence of a combinational dormancy mechanism, model development was based on the estimation of: (i) the fraction of non-PY seed as a function of after-ripening thermal-time accumulation, and (ii) seed population thermal parameters associated with a given level of PD. The developed model adequately described the after-ripening thermal-time requirements for PY + PD release of V. villosa. Based on model predictions, under a semi-arid thermal regime, >45% of vetch seeds shed during the summer season would be able to germinate during early autumn. Thus, the seed-bank size threshold at the end of the first growing season should be >65 seeds m–2 in order to reach a minimum stand of 30 plants m–2 necessary for a productive pasture.
Additional keywords: annual pasture, arid-semiarid region, dormancy, modelling, Vicia spp.
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