Bean leafroll virus is widespread in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) seed crops and can be persistently transmitted by bluegreen aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji)
D. M. Peck A E , N. Habili B , R. M. Nair A C , J. W. Randles B , C. T. de Koning A and G. C. Auricht A D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), Waite Campus Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
B University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
C Present address: AVRDC –The World Vegetable Centre, Regional Centre for South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, AP 502 324, Hyderabad, India.
D Deceased.
E Corresponding author. Email: david.peck@sa.gov.au
Crop and Pasture Science 63(9) 902-908 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP12121
Submitted: 28 March 2012 Accepted: 21 June 2012 Published: 10 December 2012
Abstract
In the mid 2000s subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) seed producers in South Australia reported symptoms of a red-leaf disease in fields with reduced seed yields. The red-leaf symptoms resembled those caused by several clover-infecting viruses. A set of molecular diagnostic tools were developed for the following viruses which are known to infect subterranean clover: Alfalfa mosaic virus; Bean leafroll virus (BLRV); Beet western yellows virus; Bean yellow mosaic virus; Cucumber mosaic virus; Pea seed-borne mosaic virus; Soybean dwarf virus and Subterranean clover stunt virus. Surveys of subterranean clover seed production fields in 2008 in the south-east of South Australia and western Victoria identified Bean leafroll virus, Alfalfa mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus as present, with BLRV the most widespread. Surveys of pasture seed production fields and pasture evaluation trials in 2009 confirmed that BLRV was widespread. This result will allow seed producers to determine whether control measures directed against BLRV will overcome their seed losses. Bluegreen aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi) was implicated as a potential vector of BLRV because it was observed to be colonising lucerne plants adjacent to subterranean clover seed production paddocks with BLRV, and in a glasshouse trial it transmitted BLRV from an infected lucerne plant to subterranean clover in a persistent manner.
Additional keywords: pasture, pulse, subterranean clover red-leaf virus.
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