Seasonal changes in leaf and stem loline alkaloids in meadow fescue
Brian Patchett A , Ravi Gooneratne A C , Lester Fletcher B and Bruce Chapman A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Christchurch 7647, New Zealand.
B AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 4749, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
C Corresponding author. Email: Ravi.Gooneratne@lincoln.ac.nz
Crop and Pasture Science 62(3) 261-267 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP10266
Submitted: 17 August 2010 Accepted: 21 January 2011 Published: 17 March 2011
Abstract
Leaf and stem loline alkaloid concentration in 10 European meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) lines grown in a field in Canterbury, New Zealand, were determined in samples collected six times between early spring 2004 and late autumn 2005. Significant differences in loline alkaloid concentrations were noted between lines and between harvest times. Higher total loline alkaloid concentrations (up to 4990 µg g–1) were found in stems compared to leaf (up to 1770 µg g–1). However, the seasonal accumulation pattern of different loline alkaloid concentrations in leaf and stem varied. In most lines, stem loline concentration peaked sharply in late spring and declined during early summer and autumn. The seasonal pattern of leaf loline alkaloid concentration followed the stem concentration except for a sharp decline in early summer followed by an increase in late summer. In most instances, the concentration of N-formyl loline was the highest > N-acetyl loline > N-acetyl norloline > N-methyl loline. The possible role of stem and leaf loline alkaloids to deter pasture-feeding insects is briefly discussed.
Additional keywords: endophyte, Festuca pratensis Poaceae, Neotyphodium uncinatum Clavicipitacae, leaf, loline alkaloids, stem.
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