Resistance to clover scorch disease (Kabatiella caulivora) among accessions of purple clover (Trifolium purpureum) and its relationship to the eco-geography of collection sites
P. G. H. Nichols A B C D , R. Snowball A B , M. F. D’Antuono A and M. J. Barbetti A CA Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia.
B Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
C School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
D Corresponding author. Email: phil.nichols@agric.wa.gov.au
Crop and Pasture Science 61(1) 44-49 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP09161
Submitted: 5 June 2009 Accepted: 29 September 2009 Published: 17 December 2009
Abstract
Visual ratings of disease reaction to a mixture of races 1 and 2 of clover scorch (Kabatiella caulivora) were conducted on inoculated field plots of 206 accessions of Trifolium purpureum (191 var. purpureum and 15 var. pamphyllicum) collected from the Mediterranean basin and surrounding regions. Disease severity scores of the resistant check, cv. Denmark subterranean clover (T. subterraneum), were clearly differentiated from the susceptible check, cv. Paratta purple clover. Nearly 33% of the accessions were resistant to both races. Resistant plants tended to flower later and originate from higher latitudes, where K. caulivora is more widespread. The results of this investigation led to development of ELECTRA™, the first cultivar of purple clover with resistance to both races of K. caulivora.
Additional keywords: genetic diversity, disease screening, northern anthracnose, pasture legumes.
Acknowledgments
Funding for this work was provided by the Grains Research and Development Corporation, Australian Wool Innovation, and the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. We thank Dr Ming Pei You for inoculum preparation. Dr Kioumars Ghamkhar kindly overlayed collecting sites and WORLDCLIM data onto the ArcGIS map. The technical assistance of Duncan Wood, Krzysztof Gajda, Bradley Wintle, and Timothy Trent is greatly appreciated. We also thank Michael Blair and other staff of the University of Western Australia Shenton Park Field Station for their assistance.
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