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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 73(6)

Polypyridines, Picrates, Lanthanides: A Plethora of Stacks?

Eric J. Chan A , Simon A. Cotton B , Jack M. Harrowfield A C E , Brian W. Skelton A , Alexandre N. Sobolev A and Allan H. White A D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, M310, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.

B School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.

C Current address: Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, Université de Strasbourg, 8, allée Gaspard Monge, 67083 Strasbourg, France.

D Deceased.

E Corresponding author. Email: harrowfield@unistra.fr

Australian Journal of Chemistry 73(6) 529-538 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH19367
Submitted: 8 August 2019  Accepted: 23 October 2019   Published: 23 December 2019

Abstract

Reactions of the lanthanide(iii) picrates (picrate = 2,4,6-trinitrophenoxide = pic) with 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine (terpy) in a 1 : 2 molar ratio have provided crystals suitable for X-ray structure determinations in instances predominantly involving the lighter lanthanides. In all, the aza-aromatic ligands chelate the lanthanide ion, none being found as ‘free’ ligands within the lattice. The complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline have been characterised in two forms, one unsolvated (Ln = La, Sm, Eu; monoclinic, C2/c, Z 8), one an acetonitrile monosolvate (Ln = Gd; monoclinic, P21/a, Z 4), the latter being the only previously known form (with Ln = La). In both forms, the LnIII is nine-coordinate, in an approximately tricapped trigonal-prismatic environment, with two picrate ligands chelating through phenoxide and 2-nitro group oxygen atoms, the third being bound through phenoxide-O only. The 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine complexes, all acetonitrile monosolvates defined for Ln = La, Gd, Er, and Y (monoclinic, C2/c, Z 4), are ionic, one picrate having been displaced from the primary coordination sphere. For Ln = La, the two bound picrates are again chelating, making the LaIII 10-coordinate in a distorted bicapped square-antiprismatic environment but in the other species they are bound through phenoxide-O only, making the LnIII ions eight-coordinate in a distorted square-antiprismatic environment. Stacked arrays of the ligands can be found in both series of complexes, with intramolecular picrate–picrate and picrate–aza-aromatic stacks being prominent features.


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