Low-temperature Synthesis of Nanocrystalline LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and its Application as Cathode Material in High-power Li-ion Batteries

Shafiq Ullah; Fiaz Ahmed; Amin Badshah; Ataf Ali Altaf; Ramsha Raza; Bhajan Lal; Rizwan Hussain

doi:10.1071/CH13442

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Low-temperature Synthesis of Nanocrystalline LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ and its Application as Cathode Material in High-power Li-ion Batteries

Shafiq Ullah ^A , Fiaz Ahmed ^B , Amin Badshah ^A ^D , Ataf Ali Altaf ^C , Ramsha Raza ^B , Bhajan Lal ^A and Rizwan Hussain ^B

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan.

^B National Engineering and Scientific Commission, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan.

^C Department of Chemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University Sahiwal Campus, 57000, Sahiwal, Pakistan.

^D Corresponding author. Email: aminbadshah@yahoo.com

Australian Journal of Chemistry 67(2) 289-294 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH13442
Submitted: 27 August 2013 Accepted: 7 October 2013 Published: 21 November 2013

Abstract

Nickel-doped lithium manganate spinels are a potential material for future energy storage owing to high cell potential and low price. Phase-pure spinels are difficult to prepare by conventional solid-state synthesis methods owing to loss of oxygen from the crystal lattice at high temperature (~800°C). Loss of oxygen causes Jahn–Teller distortion and Mn⁴⁺ is converted into Mn³⁺, which results in undesired double-plateau discharge and reduction in capacity and stability of the material. In this study, nanocrystalline phase-pure LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ was prepared by co-precipitation with cyclohexylamine followed by calcination at a low temperature of 500°C. X-ray diffraction studies confirmed that a highly crystalline face-centred cubic product is formed with F-d3m space group. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscope studies confirmed that the particles are in the nano range with a porous structure. The as-prepared LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ showed a high initial specific capacity (up to 130 mA h g^–1) and retained up to 120 mA h g^–1 up to 50 cycles. The material has high conductivity and remains stable up to a 20-C discharge rate.

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