Constraints to the modelling of diet selection and intake in the grazing ruminant

Abstract

The interaction of grazing animals and their pasture generates substantial income for Australia, so that an interest in modelling the processes involved can be justified readily. Based on a brief review of the factors influencing diet selection, it is suggested that, from the point of view of modelling the process, a major constraint has been the availability of accurate and convenient methods for estimating the botanical composition of the consumed diet. It is also suggested that there is a need in future work to define more adequately the available herbage in botanical, physical, chemical and spatial terms, and to conduct experiments in which factors influencing selection are examined in an unconfounded way. It is further suggested that, while the idea of fixed preference or selection coefficients for particular species is attractive from a modelling standpoint, available evidence does not support the concept. Factors influencing herbage intake are then discussed, particularly in relation to the interaction between the degree of rumen fill and the animal's capacity to use energy. The manner in which this interaction has been used in the modelling of intake is then described briefly and the modeling of diet selection and intake within the decision-support system GrazFeed is presented by way of example. Finally, the constraints associated with model validation are discussed briefly, especially in relation to the need in future work to define more adequately the characteristics of the pasture on offer.